Alternative Medicine in Australia IELTS Reading Answers

1. The first students to study alternative medicine at university level in Australia began their four-year, full-time course at the University of Technology, Sydney, in early 1994. Their course covered, among other therapies, acupuncture. The theory they learnt is based on the traditional Chinese explanation of this ancient healing art: that it can regulate the flow of ‘Qi’ or energy through pathways in the body. This course reflects how far some alternative therapies have come in their struggle for acceptance by the medical establishment.
   
   
2. Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to  Dr Paul Laver, a lecturer in Public Health at the University of Sydney. ‘We’ve had a tradition of  doctors being fairly powerful and I guess they are pretty loath to allow any pretenders to their position to come into it.’ In many other industrialized countries, orthodox and alternative medicines have worked ‘hand in glove’ for years. In Europe, only orthodox doctors can prescribe herbal medicine. In Germany, plant remedies account for 10% of the national turnover of pharmaceutical. Americans made more visits to alternative therapist than to orthodox doctors in 1990, and each year they spend about $US 12 billion on the therapies that have not been scientifically tested.
   
   
3. Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years. In a 1983 national health survey, 1.9% of people said they had contacted a chiropractor, naturopath, osteopath, acupuncturist or herbalist in the two weeks prior to the survey. By 1990, this figure had risen to 2.6% of the population. The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey represented about an eighth of the total number of consultations with medically qualified personnel covered by the survey, according to Dr Laver and colleagues writing in the Australian Journal of Public Health in 1993. ‘A better educated and less accepting public has become disillusion with the experts in general and increasingly skeptical about science and empirically based knowledge,’ they said. ‘The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence.’
   
   
4. Rather than resisting or criticizing this trend, increasing numbers of Australian doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism. Part of the incentive was financial, Dr Laver said. ‘The bottom line is that most general practitioners are business people. If they see potential clientele going elsewhere, they might want to be able to offer a similar service.’
   
   
5. In 1993, Dr Laver and his colleagues published a survey of 289 Sydney people who attended eight alternative therapists’ practices in Sydney. These practices offered a wide range of alternative therapies from 25 therapists. Those surveyed had experience chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief. They commented that they liked the holistic approach of their alternative therapists and the friendly, concerned and detailed attention they had received. The cold, impersonal manner of orthodox doctors featured in the survey. An increasing exodus from their clinics, coupled with this and a number of other relevant surveys carried out in Australia, all pointing to orthodox doctors’ inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists. Dr Patrick Store, President of the Royal College of General Practitioners, concurs that orthodox doctors could learn a lot about beside manner and advising patients on preventative health from alternative therapists.
   
   
6. According to the Australian Journal of Public Health, 18% of patients visiting alternative therapists do so because they suffer from musculo-skeletal complaints; 12% suffer from digestive problems, which is only 1% more than those suffering from emotional problems. Those suffering from respiratory complaints represent 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage. Headache sufferers and those complaining of general ill health represent 6% and 5% of patients respectively, and a further 4% see therapists for general health maintenance.
   
   
7. The survey suggested that complementary medicine is probably a better term than alternative medicine. Alternative medicine appears to be an adjunct, sought in times of disenchantment when conventional medicine seems not to offer the answer.

Questions 14-20

Complete the summary below. 

Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER from the text for each answer. 

Relative to other Western nations, Australia has remained rather 14.__________ regarding alternative medicines. Orthodox and alternative treatments have long coexisted in many 15.___________ nations. Only conventional doctors are authorised to provide herbal medications in Europe. In Germany, 16. ________ of the medicine sector is influenced by plant-based medicines. 17._______ spent over $12 billion a year on non-scientific tests. In Australia, a growing 18._________ with traditional medicine has led to interest in alternative therapies. In 1983, a nationwide health survey showed that 1.9% of people sought advice from an alternative therapist. Dr Laver and his associates claim that the public has grown less tolerant and better 19.______, losing faith in experts. Experts' reputations have suffered due to this growing mistrust regarding 20._______ and evidence-based knowledge.

Questions 21-25
The Reading Passage has sections A-G.

Which section contains the following information?

Write the correct A-G letter in boxes 21-25 on your answer sheet.

Question 26

Choose the correct letter (A, B, C, or D) from the given options.
What is implied by the author on the connection between alternative and conventional medicine in Australia?

A. Because alternative therapies are becoming more popular, traditional medicine is losing its influence.

B. Science has demonstrated the effectiveness of alternative remedies over traditional therapies.

C. For their medical problems, the majority of Australians would rather just use orthodox medicine.

D. Alternative medicine is only accepted by younger doctors in Australia.