Test preparation

The Present Continuous Tense is used in three cases:

Case 1: Actions happening right now

Examples:

• She is talking on the phone.
• We are ordering Pizza from Dominos for lunch.

Case 2: Temporary or ongoing actions

Examples:

• I am staying at my friend's house for a few days.
• She is going to Decathlon to buy a winter jacket.

Case 3: Future planned events (with a specific time frame)

Example:

• They are having a cricket match this Sunday.
• He is flying to London next week.

The present continuous tense is a verb tense describing actions happening in the present or to be continued in the future. The formula for Present Continuous Tense is Subject + is/am/are + present participle (verb + ing) + Object.

Examples:

• I am driving the car.
• They are going on a trip to Meghalaya.

A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing but functions as a noun in a sentence. Although a gerund looks like a verb, it acts as a subject, object, or complement.

Example:

• Joey is taking acting classes.
• Monica is working as a chef at a restaurant.

To identify gerund in a sentence, look for the word ending with '-ing', which is acting as a noun (not a verb or adjective).

Example:

• Painting is fun.
• I am trying to learn German language.
• She is practicing for tomorrow's cricket match.

Yes, a gerund phrase (gerund + modifiers/objects) can act as the subject of a sentence.

Example:

• Eating too must sugar is unhealthy.
• Running every morning keeps me healthy.
• Learning new languages opens up many opportunities.

If a gerund comes at the beginning of a sentence answers the questions "What or Who is performing the action?", it is considered as a subject.

Example:

Reading helps you learn. (Here, 'Reading' is the subject.)

Have a look at the 4 common punctuation marks in English with examples below:

• Full Stop/ Period (.)- The CAT jumped over the table.
• Comma (, )- She brought snacks, fruits and deserts for the party.
• Question Mark (? )- Did you visit the dentist?
• Exclamation Mark (!)- Wow! you look wonderful today.

There are 14 punctuation marks in English Grammar. Have a look at these 14 punctuation marks with symbols below:

English grammar and composition is something that introduces the students to the fundamentals elements of langauge and writing through enagaging literature and practical writing. Grammar are the rules that govern the structure of the langauge and composition is the way a writer or author organizes and constructs their written work.