English

Let the total cost of writing the book is x.

So, 12 % of x =14400, Cost of Others = 15% of Total cost = 15 % of 1,20,000 = 18,000.

Shown of Printing is 8 % of the total cost. Here 100% = 360°. So, 1% = 3.6°.

So, central angle = 8 * 3.6 = 28.8°

Verify the choices one by one.

(a) The total sales of all the four companies was different in each month, hence (a) is false.

(b) For the given period:

Total Sales of C1 = 175 +150 + 225 + 250 + 150 + 200 = 1150.

Total Sales of C3 = 75 + 75 + 100 + 100 + 50 + 75 = 475.

Hence, (b) is false.

(c) Total Sales of C2 for the given period = 650

Required percentage

$=\frac{650}{1150+475+1375+650}=17.8\mathrm{\%}$

(d)          The sales of C2 were less than the sales of C4 in each month. Hence, (d) is false

Month = C3/Total Sales*100

January $\frac{75}{550}*100=13.6\mathrm{\%}$

February $\frac{75}{500}*100=15\mathrm{\%}$

March $\frac{100}{700}*100=14.28\mathrm{\%}$

April $\frac{100}{800}*100=12.5\mathrm{\%}$

May $\frac{50}{450}*100=11.11\mathrm{\%}$

June $\frac{75}{650}*100=11.53\mathrm{\%}$

Month = C1/Total Sales * 100

January $\left(\frac{175}{550}\right)*100=31.31\mathrm{\%}$

February $\left(\frac{150}{500}\right)*100=30\mathrm{\%}$

March $\left(\frac{225}{700}\right)*100=32.14\mathrm{\%}$

April $\left(\frac{250}{800}\right)*100=31.25\mathrm{\%}$

May $\left(\frac{150}{450}\right)*100=33.33\mathrm{\%}$

June $\left(\frac{200}{650}\right)*100=30.7\mathrm{\%}$

No month have sales more than 33.33%. Hence option (d)

Some of the skills required for Precis Writing are:

• Keep the length to about one-third of the original passage.
• Write in the third person and use the past tense.
• Ensure logical flow and coherence throughout the summary.
• Maintain a neutral and objective tone.
• Avoid copying sentences verbatim, except for essential terms or technical phrases.
• Do not include personal opinions or remarks.
• Refrain from using emotional or exaggerated language.

The two important features of Precis Writing are:

Clarity: It should be written in straightforward, unambiguous language that is easy to comprehend.

Conciseness: The precis must be short and focused, generally one-third the length of the original text, excluding all unnecessary information.

Month = C3/ (C2+C4)

January $\left(\frac{75}{100+200}\right)=25\mathrm{\%}$

February $\left(\frac{75}{100+175}\right)=27.27\mathrm{\%}$

March $\left(\frac{100}{125+250}\right)=26.66\mathrm{\%}$

April $\left(\frac{100}{150+300}\right)=22.22\mathrm{\%}$

May $\frac{50}{75+175}=20\mathrm{\%}$

June $\frac{75}{100+275}=20\mathrm{\%}$

Hence, the required percentage was the most in the month of February.

The ten golden rules of precis writing include identifying the central idea, avoiding the repetition of key sentences from the original text, ensuring brevity and clarity, showcasing the writer's understanding, using original language, refraining from direct speech, incorporating statistical details appropriately, and concluding objectively without personal opinions. The precis should aim to retain the essence of the original passage in a concise form, presenting all significant points logically and coherently while eliminating unnecessary details.

Required Ratio

 = Increase in R4/ Increase in R3

$=\frac{2046}{2028}=1$