Maths Matrices

Δ = |1,1, -1; 1,2, α 2, -1,1| = 1 (2+α)-1 (1-2α)-1 (-1-4) = 2+α+2α-1+5 = 3α+6=0 ⇒ α=-2.
Δ? = |2,1, -1; 1,2, α β, -1,1| = 2 (2+α)-1 (1-αβ)-1 (-1-2β) = 4+2α-1+αβ+1+2β = 4+2α+αβ+2β=0.
4-4-2β+2β=0. This holds.
Δ? = |1,2, -1; 1,1, α 2, β,1| = 1 (1-αβ)-2 (1-2α)-1 (β-2) = 1-αβ-2+4α-β+2 = 1+4α-αβ-β=0.
1-8+2β-β=0 ⇒ -7+β=0 ⇒ β=7.
α+β = -2+7 = 5.

A = [, [-1, 4]. |A| = 2 - 1 = 1.
Characteristic equation: λ² - tr (A)λ + |A| = 0 ⇒ λ² - 3λ + 1 = 0.
By Cayley-Hamilton, A² - 3A + I = 0. A? ¹ (A² - 3A + I) = A - 3I + A? ¹ = 0.
A? ¹ = 3I - A.
Comparing with A? ¹ = αI + βA, we get α=3, β=-1.
4 (α - β) = 4 (3 - (-1) = 16.

Kindly go through the solution 

Given x + 2y – 3z = a

2x + 6y – 11z = b

x – 2y + 7z = c

Here $\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \hfill & \hfill \hfill \\ \hfill \hfill & \hfill \hfill \\ \hfill \hfill & \hfill \hfill \end{array}\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \begin{array}{l}\\ \end{array}\hfill & \hfill \hfill \end{array}$

$\Delta =\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill -3\hfill \\ \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 6\hfill & \hfill -11\hfill \\ \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill -2\hfill & \hfill 7\hfill \end{array}\right|\begin{array}{cc}\hfill \begin{array}{l}=\left(42-22\right)-2\left(14+11\right)-3\left(-4-6\right)\\ \end{array}\hfill & \hfill =20-50+30=0\hfill \end{array}$

For infinite solution ${}_{}{}_{}{}_{}$

20a – 8b – 4c = 0 5a = 2b + c

  $A^2=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

$A^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]$
$A^4\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^4\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

Similarly we get A¹⁹ =   $=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^{19}\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \end{array}\right]\&A^{20}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 2^{20}\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

=  $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

$\Rightarrow 1+\alpha +\beta =1gives\alpha +\beta =0........\left(i\right)$

$2^{20}+\left(2^{19}-2\right)\alpha =4from\left(i\right)$

$\Rightarrow \alpha =\frac{4-2^{20}}{2^{19}-2}=\frac{4\left(1-2^{18}\right)}{-2\left(1-2^{18}\right)}=-2$

So, β = 2

Hence β - α = 4

$A=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\hfill p\hfill & \hfill q\hfill \\ \hfill r\hfill & \hfill s\hfill \end{array}\right]$ is symmetric. So, q = r.

$AA=A^2=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\hfill p\hfill & \hfill q\hfill \\ \hfill r\hfill & \hfill s\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}\hfill p\hfill & \hfill q\hfill \\ \hfill r\hfill & \hfill s\hfill \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\hfill p^2+qr\hfill & \hfill pq+qs\hfill \\ \hfill rp+rs\hfill & \hfill rq+s^2\hfill \end{array}\right]$

Sum of diagonal elements =

$p^2+qr+rq+s^2=1\Rightarrow p^2+2r^2+s^2=1,\left(asq=r\right),p=0,r=0ands=\pm 1orr=0,s=0andp=\pm 1$

Total number of matrices = 4.

  $e^{\left(co{s}^{2}x+co{s}^{4}x+co{s}^{6}x+.....\infty \right)}lo{g}_{e}2$

$=e^{\frac{co{s}^{2}x}{1-co{s}^{2}x}lo{g}_{e}2}=e^{co{t}^{2}xlo{g}_{e}2}=2^{co{t}^{2}x}$            

t² – 9t + 8 = 0

(t – 8) (t – 1) = 0

$t=2^{co{t}^{2}x}=8=2^3$        

$\Rightarrow co{t}^{2}x=3=co{t}^2\frac{\pi }{6}$       

$\frac{2sinx}{sinx+\sqrt[]{3}cosx}=\frac{2*\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt[]{3}*\frac{\sqrt[]{3}}{2}}=\frac{1}{2}$

$P=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 3\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill & \hfill -2\hfill \\ \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill \alpha \hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill -5\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \end{array}\right]andQ=\left[q_{ij}\right]\Rightarrow PQ=k{l}_3$           

$q_{23}=-\frac{k}{8}and\left|Q\right|=\frac{k^2}{2}$            

  $PQ=k{l}_3\Rightarrow P^{-1}=\frac{Q}{k}={\left(\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 3\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill & \hfill -2\hfill \\ \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill & \hfill \alpha \hfill \\ \hfill 3\hfill & \hfill -5\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \end{array}\right)}^{-1}$

$\left|p\right|\left|Q\right|=\left(k{l}_3\right)\Rightarrow 8.\frac{k^2}{2}=k^3$

$k\ne 0\Rightarrow k=4$

$\therefore {\alpha }^2+k^2=1+16=17.$         

$M=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill a_1\hfill & \hfill a_2\hfill & \hfill a_3\hfill \\ \hfill b_1\hfill & \hfill b_2\hfill & \hfill c_3\hfill \\ \hfill c_1\hfill & \hfill c_2\hfill & \hfill c_3\hfill \end{array}\right]$    

$M^{T}M=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill a_1\hfill & \hfill b_1\hfill & \hfill c_1\hfill \\ \hfill a_2\hfill & \hfill b_2\hfill & \hfill c_2\hfill \\ \hfill a_3\hfill & \hfill b_3\hfill & \hfill c_3\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill a_1\hfill & \hfill a_2\hfill & \hfill a_3\hfill \\ \hfill b_1\hfill & \hfill b_2\hfill & \hfill b_3\hfill \\ \hfill c_1\hfill & \hfill c_2\hfill & \hfill c_3\hfill \end{array}\right]$

$Tr\left(M^{T}M\right)=a_1^2+b_1^2+c_1^2+a_2^2+b_2^2+c_2^2+a_3^2+b_3^2+c_3^2=7$           

all   $a_i,b_i,c_i\in \left\{0,1,2\right\}for$ i = 1, 2, 3

Case 1 7 one's and two zeroes which can occur in ways

Case 2 One 2 three 1's five zeroes =

total such matrices = 504 + 36 = 540

$A^T=Aand{B}^T=-B$           

$C=A^2{B}^2-B^2{A}^2$           

$C^T={\left(A^2{B}^2\right)}^T-{\left(B^2{A}^2\right)}^T=B^2{A}^2-A^2{B}^2$

 C^T = -C. Hence C is skew symmetric metrix

$\therefore$   det (C) = 0

Hence system have infinite solution