Chemistry

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans:  CH₃CH₂CH₃ < CH₃CH₂NH₂ < CH₃CH₂OH

As oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen therefore, the O-H bond is more polar than the N-H bond. So ethanol has more dipole moments than ethylamine. Propane is non- polar in nature hence, had the least among all. 

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: CS₂ is a non-polar solvent which decreases the activating effect of? NH₂. As a result, mono substitution occurs only at o- and p- positions giving a mixture of 2-bromoaniline (minor) and 4-bromoaniline (major) as products. 

This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Monosaccharides contain carbonyl groups. As a result, they fall under the aldose or ketose categories. When an aldehyde group is present, the monosaccharides are known as aldose, and when a ketone group is present, the monosaccharides are known as ketose. Fructose is classified as ketohexose because it has six carbons and a keto group in its chemical formula (C6H12O6) 

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: The azo products have an extended conjugate system with both aromatic rings linked by the –N=N- bond. These compounds are frequently colored and used as dyes. Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with phenol to form p-hydroxy azobenzene by coupling the phenol molecule in its para position with the diazonium salt. This is referred to as a coupling reaction.

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: Amides are the byproducts of the acylation reaction. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a stronger base than the amine, such as pyridine, which removes the formed HCl and shifts the equilibrium to the right.

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: As the electronegativity of oxygen is more than the electronegativity of a nitrogen atom, the O−H bond is more polar than the N−H bond, therefore MeOH is stronger acid than MeNH₂ or MeNH₂ is stronger base than MeOH.

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(a, d) Sodium salts of sulphonated long chain alcohol and sodium salts of sulphonated long chain hydrocarbons are anionic detergents e.g., Sodium laurylsulphate CH₃ (CH₂)₁₀CH₂OSO₃^– Na⁺ and sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate.

This is a Short Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: As −NH₂ is a strong activating group, the aniline will readily undergo electrophilic substitution reaction, and it is difficult to cease reaction at the mono substitution stage. 

Therefore, the activating group −NH₂ is protected by an acetylation process.

The acetylated complex formed utilizes the lone pair of nitrogen and are less available for donation, this helps to carry out the nitration reaction easily.