Amines

In Amines, the nitrogen atom bonds with alkyl or aryl groups replacing hydrogen, whereas in amides, the nitrogen atom bonds directly with the carbonyl group (-CO-).

Kjeldahl's method is not applicable to compounds containing nitrogen in nitro and azo groups and nitrogen present in the ring.

$C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}N{O}_2\stackrel{573K}{\to }C{H}_2=C{H}_2+HN{O}_2$

Correct order of basic strength in aqueous medium is

${\left(C{H}_3\right)}_{2}NH>C{H}_{3}N{H}_2>{\left(C{H}_3\right)}_{3}N>N{H}_3$

Kindly consider the following figure

Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for 1° Aliphatic /alicyclic amine

A > B > C > D

Lone pair is localized in (A) while all 3 have delocalized lone pair but they can be compared by 3° > 2° > 1° because methyl group increases the basicity.

Ceric ammonium nitrate is used to test alcohol while CHCl₃/alc. KOH is used to test 1° amine

Intermolecular H- bonding and intra-molecular H- bonding producing compound may be the phenol derivatives.

Aniline show acid-base reaction with AlCl₃

aniline is a Lewis base while AlCl₃ acts as lewis acid.