Class 11th

33. Resonating structure of A

In this case structure II is less stable than I because in structure II separation of positive and negative charges is there. Therefore, contribution of structure (II) is less than that of (I), these hybrids of compound (A) i.e., CH₃COOH.

Resonating structure of B

While structure (III) and (IV) are of equal energy and also contribute equally towards, resonance hybrid of compound (B). Therefore, CH3COO- is more stable.

32. Mixture of alcohol and hydrocarbon can be separated by simple distillation because both the components have large differences in their boiling points. When temperature is raised to the low boiling liquid i.e., hydrocarbon, the vapours consist only of hydrocarbons without any contamination of alcohol.

31. The structure-I of propenal is found to be more stable because structure having more covalent bonds in a resonating structure is found to have more stability, in structure II, the terminal carbon has only six electrons which makes it less stable. 

30. SO₃ acts as an electrophile as in this, three highly electronegative oxygen atoms are attached to the sulphur atom which makes it electron deficient. It can be shown by resonance that it gets positive charge and acts as an electrophile.

29. SO₃ acts as an electrophile as in this, three highly electronegative oxygen atoms are attached to the sulphur atom which makes it electron deficient. It can be shown by resonance that it gets positive charge and acts as an electrophile.

29. (i) It does not show resonance due to the absence of π electrons. 

(ii) It shows resonance due to the presence of lone pairs on the Nitrogen atom and π electrons on the C = O bond. Hence, amide can be represented by three resonating structures.

(iii) In this structure, the lone pair of electrons present on Nitrogen atom, is not conjugated with the π electrons of double bond. Hence, it does not show resonance.

28.

(i) In this case CH3+ is the most stable species because replacement of H atom by Br atom (-Inductive effect) increases positive (ii

(ii)  is most stable because negative charge on carbon atom is dispersed due to -I effect of Cl. More Cl atoms, more dispersal of negative charge and more stabilized.

 is most stable because negative charge on carbon atom is dispersed due to -I effect of Cl. More Cl atoms, more dispersal of negative charge and more stabilized.

27. In this case CH3+ is the most stable species because replacement of H atom by Br atom (-Inductive effect) increases positive charge on the carbon atom and destabilizes the species.