Class 12th

CoCl₃.NH₃ + AgNO₃ $\stackrel{}{\to }AgC\mathcal{l}\downarrow \left(2mol\right)$

$\left[Co{\left(N{H}_3\right)}_{5}C\mathcal{l}\right]C{\mathcal{l}}_2+AgN{O}_3\stackrel{}{\to }AgC\mathcal{l}\downarrow \left(2mol\right)$  

x = 5

kindly consider the following Image 

$M{n}^{2+}\stackrel{}{\to }{t}_{2g^{111}}{e_g}^{11}$

(Number of unpaired electron = 5)

${\mu }_S=\sqrt[]{35}=5.91\cong 6$

$K=A.e^{-Ea/RT}=\left(6.5*10^2\right)e^{-26000K/T}$  

$\frac{Ea}{8.314}=26000$

E_a = 216.164kJ/mol $\cong$ 216

In thin layer chromatography, the spots of colourless compounds, which are invisible to eyes can be detected by putting the plate under UV light.

Another detection technique is to place the plate in a covered jar containing I₂ (s). Sometimes an appropriate reagent may also be sprayed on the plate, ninhydrin in case of amino acids.

H₂ (g) + Cu²⁺ (aq) $\stackrel{}{\to }$  2H⁺ (aq) + Cu (s)

$\therefore E_{cell}=E_{cell}^0-\frac{2.303RT}{nf}logQ$  

0.31 = 0.34 -  $\frac{0.06}{2}log\frac{\left[H^{+}\right]}{C{u}^{2+}}$  

$\left[C{u}^{2+}\right]=10^{-7}\left(?\left[H^{+}\right]=10^{-3}\right)$  

x = 7

DDT, organophosphates and dieldrin are pesticides.

${\left[Ni{\left(CN\right)}_4\right]}^{2-}$  

CN^- is strong field ligand

$N{i}^{2+}=4s^{0}3d^8$  

 Here; ${\left[Ni{\left(CN\right)}_4\right]}^{2-}$ is square planar and diamagnetic.

$\left[Ni{\left(CO\right)}_4\right]$  

Ni = 4s²3d⁸         Co is strong field ligand.

Here ;  $\left[Ni{\left(CO\right)}_4\right]$  is tetrahedral and diamagnetic

${\left[Ni{\left(CN\right)}_4\right]}^{2-}$  has 3d⁸ configuration while $\left[Ni{\left(CO\right)}_4\right]$  has 3d¹⁰ configuration.

$\Delta T_b=i{K}_{b}m$

$\Delta T_f=i{K}_{f}m$

$\therefore \frac{4}{4}=\frac{K_b*1.5}{K_f*4.5}$

$\frac{K_b}{K_f}=3$

Valence shell electronic configuration of Eu in +2 O.S is,

  $E{u}^{2+}=6s^{0}4f^7$  

It has half filled f-sub shell and stable.