Class 12th

In case 1, E? = 2eV; φ? ? = E? - KE? = 1eV
In case 2, E? = 12400/1550 = 8eV; max.KE = 8eV - 1eV = 7eV

Ortho product has intramolecular H- bonding & para product has intermolecular H- bonding. Thus it can be separated by steam distillation due to difference in B.

Leaching of Al₂O₃ with alkali;

$\begin{array}{l}A{l}_2{O}_3\left(s\right)+2NaOH\left(aq\right)+3H_{2}O\left(l\right)\to 2Na\left[Al{\left(OH\right)}_4\right]\left(aq\right)\\ X\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{l}2Na\left[Al{\left(OH\right)}_4\right]\left(aq\right)+2C{O}_2\left(g\right)\to A{l}_2{O}_3.x{H}_{2}O\left(s\right)+2NaHC{O}_3\left(aq\right)\\ XYZ\end{array}$

Kindly go through the solution 

First reaction is EAS which will be given by that phenol derivative whose p-position is free for EAS reaction.

Eutrophication of water body results in loss of biodiversity.

$E_{M{n}^{+3}/M{n}^{+2}}^o=1.51V$

the strongest oxidizing agent have the highest reduction potential. So Mn³⁺ is the strongest oxidizing agent.

Cerium exists in two oxidation states (+3) and (+4)

  $\begin{array}{l}C{e}^{+4}+e^{-}\to C{e}^{+3}{E}^0=1.61V\\ C{e}^{+3}+3e^{-}\to Ce{E}^0=-2.336V\end{array}$  

It exist as Ce⁺⁴ and acts like a strong oxidizing agent by gaining electrons

In y axis u? = v? a? = -E? q / m
s? = 0, u? t + (1/2)a? t² = 0 ⇒ t = 2u? /a? = 2v? m/E? q
x coordinate at that time = v? * t = (2v? m/0) * v? = (2v? ²m)/E? q