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2 months agoBeginner-Level 5
The name of covalent and ionic bonds tell their formation story in small detail. Co- means sharing or coexisting, so whenever there is bond fromation due to sharing of valence electron, it is known as covalent bond. Similerly, ionic bonds suggest that when a bond formation takes place due to ions, which attract each other, it is considered as ionic bond. Ionic bonds are also known as electrovalent bonds. There are some major differences between Electrovalent and covalent bonds. Chekc the table below:
| Aspect | Covalent Bond | Ionic Bond |
|---|---|---|
| Reason of Formation | sharing of electrons between atoms | transfer of electrons from one atom to another |
| Elements | Usually non-metals with non-metals | Usually metals with non-metals |
| Strength | Moderate | the strongest |
| Nature | Directional Bond & Poor conductors of electricity | Non-directional Bond & Conducts electricity in aqueous state |
| Electronegativity Difference | Small (generally < 1.7) | Large (generally > 1.7) |
| Physical State | Usually Gases, liquids, and soft solids | Hard crystalline solids |
| Melting & Boiling Points | low to moderate | high |
| Solubility | Non-polar solvents | Polar solvents like water |
| Examples | H? , O? , CH? , HCl, NH? | NaCl, KBr, CaCl? , MgO |
For more detail related to the chemical bonding in class 11 chemistry read our notes.
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