Chemistry
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New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
11.18
The hydroboration-oxidation reaction is a two-step reaction that converts an alkene into a neutral alcohol by the net addition of water across the double bond. The hydrogen and hydroxyl group are added in a syn addition leading to the cis configuration. Hydroboration- oxidation is an anti-Markovnikov reaction, with the hydroxyl group attaching to the less substituted carbon. In first step Addition of Hydroborate group is done and in next step, it is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide.
For example: - When propene undergoes hydroboration-oxidation reaction, then it produces propan-1-ol as product. In this reaction diborane i.e., (BH
New question posted
11 months ago
New answer posted
11 months ago
Contributor-Level 10
(a) They are structural isomers. The given compounds have the same molecular formula but they differ in the position of the functional group (here ketone group: first one at C-3 and second one at C-2 positions).
(b) They are geometrical isomers. Compounds having the same molecular formula, the same constitution, and the sequence of covalent bonds, but with the different relative position of their atoms in space are called geometrical isomers.
(c) They are resonance contributors because they differ in the position of electrons but not atoms.
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
4.32.
Sigma bond | Pi bond |
It is formed by axial overlap of the atomic orbitals. | It is formed by the sidewise overlap of the atomic orbitals. |
The bond is quite strong. | It is a comparatively weaker bond. |
Only one lobe of the p-orbitals is involved in the overlap. | Both lobes of the p-orbitals are involved in the overlap. |
Electron cloud of the molecular orbital is symmetrical around the inter-nuclear axis. | The electron cloud is not symmetrical |
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
11.17
Due to the presence of –OH group, alcohols form hydrogen-bonds with water but hydrocarbons cannot form hydrogen-bonds with water.
Due to inter moleculer hydrogen bonding between Alcohol and water molecular they remain tightly bounded to water molecules and have higher solubility. Whereas in case of hydrocarbon there is no chance of hydrogen bonding.
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
(a) Nucleophilic substitution (b) Electrophilic addition
(c) Bimolecular elimination (d) Nucleophilic substitution with rearrangement.
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
11.16
Here, propanol undergoes intermolecular H-bonding because of the presence of -OH group while butane has no such property.
(intermolecular Hydrogen bonding in propanol)
Therefore, extra energy will be required to break those hydrogen bonds which in turn causes higher boiling point for propanol when compared to butane.
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
4.31. The electron pair involved in sharing between two atoms during covalent bonding is called shared pair or bond pair. At the same time, the electron pair which is not involved in sharing is called lone pair of electrons.
For example: CH4 has 4 bond pairs but H2O has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs.
New answer posted
11 months ago
Contributor-Level 10
(a) Here, HO– acts as a nucleophile as it is an electron-rich species, i.e., it is a nucleus-seeking species.
(b) Here, –CN acts as a nucleophile as it is an electron-rich species, i.e., it is a nucleus-seeking species.
(c) CH3C+O acts as an electrophile as it is an electron deficient species.
New answer posted
11 months agoContributor-Level 10
Electrophiles: The name electrophiles mean electron loving. Electrophiles are electron deficient. They may be positive ions or neutral molecules.
Ex: H+, Cl+, Br+, NO2+, R3C+, RN2+, AlCl3, BF3
Nucleophiles: The name nucleophiles means 'nucleus loving' and indicates that it attacks the region of low electron density (positive centres) in a substrate molecule. They are electron rich they may be negative ions or neutral molecules.
Ex: Cl– Br–, CN–, OH–, RCR2–, NH3, RNH2, H2O, ROH etc.
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