Structure of Atoms

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Ans:

(i) Principal quantum number (b) energy and size of orbital

(ii) Azimuthal quantum number (d) shape of the orbital

(iii) Magnetic quantum number (a) orientation of the orbital

(iv) Spin quantum number (c) spin of electron

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Ans:

(i) Cu              (c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹

(ii) Cu²⁺            (d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁹

(iii) Zn²⁺           (a)1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰

(iv) Cr³⁺          (e) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d³

This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans:  option (i)& (iv)

1. Principal quantum number (n): It represents the size and energy of orbitals.
2. Azimuthal quantum number (l): It represents the subshell and shape of orbitals.
3. Magnetic quantum number (ml): It represents the orientation of the orbitals.
4. Spin quantum number (ms): It represents the direction of spin of electrons in the orbitals.

This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans:  option (i) & (iii)

Isoelectronic species are those species that possess the same number of electrons. Here both Na⁺, Mg²⁺ possess 10 electrons and both Na⁺, O^2– possess 10 electrons.

This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: option (ii) & (iii)

For the given value of n (principal quantum number) the value of l (Azimuthal quantum number) varies from 0 to n-1. However for the given value of l the m_l (magnetic quantum number) varies from -1 to +1.

This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans:  option (i) & (iv)

In a multielectron atomic system the energy of an electron depends not only on its principal quantum number (shell), but also on its azimuthal quantum number (subshell). Electrons having the same shells and same subshells have the same energy and they are known as degenerate orbitals.

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Ans: option  (iii) & (iv)

The isotopes are defined as atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers are known as isotopes.

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Ans:  option (ii) Alpha particle (He²⁺)

As the wavelength is inversely proportional to the mass of the particles thus the alpha particles would possess the shortest wavelength among the above given option

$\mathit{\lambda }=\frac{\mathit{h}}{\mathit{m}\mathit{v}}$

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Ans: option (iv) The two electrons present in the 2s orbital have spin quantum numbers MS but of opposite sign.

According to Pauli's Exclusion Principle no two electrons should possess the same set of four quantum numbers. Thus the two electrons present in the 2s orbital have spin quantum numbers MS but of opposite sign.

This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: option  (ii)

Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺ Fe³⁺ electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵ 4s² Mn²⁺electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵ 4s