Class 10th

Writers and poets use transferred epithets to make their writing more imaginative, poetic, expressive, and emotionally engaging to the readers. Use of transferred epithets give depth to a sentence by subtly shifting the focus and drawing attention to the emotional state of the character.

No, transferred epithet is used in storytelling, advertisements, prose, and everyday conversation also.

Example:

• “Taste the joyful crunch in every bite.” (Advertisement)
• “The soldier trudged through the weary battlefield, his thoughts heavier than his rifle.” (Storytelling)
• “She opened the impatient door and stepped into the quiet morning.” (Prose)
• “Ugh, it's been a crazy day at work.” (Daily Conversation)

Passive sentences in the Simple Present Tense are the one which the subject is acted upon. In such sentences, the subject does not do the action but is being acted upon. The passive voice uses a conjugated form of the verb 'to be' along with past participle of the main verb. 

Examples:

• Returned items are inspected by the shopkeeper. 
• The stray dog is fed by everyone in the neighbourhood. 
• The book is read. 
• The meal is cooked by Rajni. 

To form questions in the Present Indefinite Tense, one can add 'do' or 'does' before the subject and the infinitive form of the verb. When asking a question using the wh-word, place the pronoun or adverb before 'do' or 'does'. 

Examples:

• Why does Mayank never answers his phone?
• Where does Nisha work?
• Do you want to go to the park?
• Does Anjali work on Saturdays?

For such kinds of sentences, Who will be converted to Whom and vice versa for making active to passive voice. Here, you is the subject and whom is the object.

Hence, the correct answer will be "Who has been called by you?" 

In English, there are four types of Present Tenses. These are:

• Simple Present Tense- Subject + V1 + s/es + Object
• Present Continuous Tense - Subject + am/is/are + V1 + ing
• Present Perfect Tense- Subject + has/have + past participle
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense- Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing

The formula for the Simple Present Tense is-  Subject + Base form of the Verb (V1) + s/es + Object

Examples of Present Simple Tense:

1) Riya writes in her notebook.

Riya - Subject

Writes - V1 + s

Notebook- Object

2) The dog lick the bone. 

Dog- Subject

Licks- V1 + s

Bone- Object

3) Mr. Simon teaches maths at a local school. 

Subject- Mr. Simon

V1 (teach) + es- Teaches

Maths- Object

Some of the skills required for Precis Writing are:

• Keep the length to about one-third of the original passage.
• Write in the third person and use the past tense.
• Ensure logical flow and coherence throughout the summary.
• Maintain a neutral and objective tone.
• Avoid copying sentences verbatim, except for essential terms or technical phrases.
• Do not include personal opinions or remarks.
• Refrain from using emotional or exaggerated language.

The two important features of Precis Writing are:

Clarity: It should be written in straightforward, unambiguous language that is easy to comprehend.

Conciseness: The precis must be short and focused, generally one-third the length of the original text, excluding all unnecessary information.

The ten golden rules of precis writing include identifying the central idea, avoiding the repetition of key sentences from the original text, ensuring brevity and clarity, showcasing the writer's understanding, using original language, refraining from direct speech, incorporating statistical details appropriately, and concluding objectively without personal opinions. The precis should aim to retain the essence of the original passage in a concise form, presenting all significant points logically and coherently while eliminating unnecessary details.