Class 10th

In English grammar, the Superlative Degree of Comparison compares three or more things and people. Examples are:

• This is the most beautiful move I have ever seen
• He runs the fastest in the team
• He is the smartest student in the class
• This is the most challenging Math problem I had to solve
• She is most helpful person I know
• I will buy the least expensive pen from that bundle
• The tallest mountain in the world is Mount Everest
• They had the most fun during the Christmas break
• Richa's house is the biggest one in her colony
• Today was the hottest day of June so far

Since there are three types of degree of comparison: Positive, Comparative, and Superlative, the formation of each type of sentence is done following different structure. The structure for each of the degrees of comparison is given below:

• Positive: subject + verb + positive adjective /adverb + rest of the sentence
• Comparative: subject + verb + comparative adjective + than + object
• Superlative: subject + verb + the superlative adjective / adverb + rest of the sentence

Implied metaphors, mixed metaphors, dead metaphors are considered as special cases of metaphor. More than special cases, these are more of different ways in which the concept of metaphor is applied and interpreted in English language.

A Metaphor is made up of four things:

·       Tenor

·       Vehicle

·       Ground

·       Tension

A tenor refers to the thing being described, and a vehicle is the thing it's being compared to. Shared characteristics are the ground that connect them. Tension is the difference between the tenor and the vehicle, which helps create a vivid comparison.

A dead metaphor occurs when the original meaning of the comparison is lost either due to excessive repetition or a semantic shift (words losing or changing their initial meaning over time). For example: Roll up the window (Originally referring to the action of rolling up a window in a car, it now refers to closing a window in general).

This is an example of Standard metaphor which compares the two things directly. This metaphor 'Laughter is a medicine for the soul', compares laughter with medicine that cures and helps keeping good health.

Metaphor in English language is a figure of speech where we compare two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'. They create a bright imaginary picture in the mind of the reader by using sensory details and descriptive language. For example: He has a heart of gold. (describing a person to be extremely kind, generous and empathetic).

Simple Present Tense Rule:

Subject + base verb (s/es for he/she/it)

Example: She goes to college.

Shows habit, facts, and routines.

Present Continuous Tense Rule:

Subject + is/am/are + verb-ing

Example: She is going to college.

Shows actions happening now or temporary actions.

The rule of Present Continuous Tense in English Grammar is:

Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing + Object

Examples:

• I am playing.
• He is writing a letter.
• They are watching TV.

To identify the Present Continuous Tense in a sentence, follow these three steps:

1. Check if there is 'is/am/are' in the sentence.
2. Check for the –ing form of verb.
3. Lastly, confirm that the sentence is describing an action happening right now, a temporary ongoing action, or a future action.