Class 12-science

A Zener diode comes under the p-n junction diode. It is a special type of p-n junction diode which is created to function in the reverse bias. It operates beyond the breakdown voltage without damage. When the current stays within limits, irrespective of the input voltage changes, it maintains a constant voltage across its terminals. A Zener diode is ideal for voltage regulation because it ensures that during power supplies, the sensitive components get a steady voltage. It protects them from fluctuations. They are essential in voltage limiters, clamping circuits, and reference voltage setups in control systems and electronic devices.

As the name suggests, a p-n junction diode means an n-type and p-type semiconductor joined together. At the junction, they form a depletion region. In forward bias where n is connected to negative and p to positive, the barrier potential reduces, allowing the current to flow. In reverse bias, there is a tiny leakage but the current is blocked and the barrier increases. This one-way behaviour is ideal for signal demodulation, rectification (converting AC to DC) and voltage regulation. They are the basic or fundamental components in logic gates, power supplies and communication systems offering efficiency, high-speed and reliability.

Chapter 9 Amines of class 12 chemistry is really important part of organic chemistry. Several questions are asked related to Amine preparation methods in CBSE Boards and other state board exams. Here are several methods to prepare Amine in labs, check below;

• Reduction of nitro compounds, nitriles, and amides

• Ammonolysis of alkyl halides

• Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis

• Hoffmann bromamide degradation

Students can check the ncert solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Amines, to better understand the question types and concepts asked in the exams.

Students can download the Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei NCERT Solutions PDF from various online platforms or they can visit the Shiksha homepage.

These PDFs are useful for students who want to study anywhere even if there is no internet access, which makes it easier to practice important numerical problems related to decay laws, nuclear binding energy, and nuclear reactions. To get access to NCERT Solutions PDF Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei students mucst click on the following link. 

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei Solutions PDF

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 13 Nuclei is a detailed explanation of all the important concepts, solved numerical problems, and step-by-step derivations, that can be asked in competitve exams JEE, NEET, and other entrance exmas. There are various competitive exams that consists of questions on half-life, nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, and mass-energy equivalence, all of which are thoroughly included in NCERT solutions PDFs. 

NCERT Class 12 Physics Ch 13 Nuclei is a important to lay the foundation for advanced topics in energy generation, nuclear physics, and medical applications. The Class 12 Physics chapter Nuclei includes important topics such as nuclear binding energy, radioactivity, mass-energy equivalence (E = mc²), and nuclear reactions, which are not only crucial for CBSE Board Exams but also asked in JEE, NEET, and other competitive exams. Understanding these important topics helps students build a solid conceptual understanding for higher studies in physics and engineering.

Students studying class 12 chemistry must have clear understanding of the basic knowledge. Students must be aware of physical properties of these compunds. Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids generally have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of similar molecular weight due to dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding (especially in carboxylic acids). Lower members are soluble in water, but solubility decreases with increasing molecular weight.