Class 12-science

We have designed NCERT Solutions for Kinetic Theory, Which offers step-by-step answers to all textbook questions, helping students grasp concepts easily. We have prepared NCERT Splotiopns in simple language, following the CBSE pattern, making them perfect for board exam preparation. These solutions also clarify the logic behind formulas and derivations, helping you build a strong foundation. Students can use NCERT Solutions for Kinetic Theory to build strong foundation and to practice enough questions to get better scores in CBSE class 11 questions. Competitive exam's aspirants can also use NCERT Solutions for Kinetic Theory to build base that can help them in learning and practing more advanced numerical problems.

A transistor can either be NPN or PNP. It is a three-layer semiconductor device with three terminals—emitter, base, and collector.  In the case of the NPN transistor, there is a larger current from the collector to the emitter due to a small current at the base. It involves an amplification property which is key to the function of the NPN transistor. A transistor can be used in two main modes - as switches in microcontrollers, and computers and as amplifiers in speakers and radios etc. These are foundational in digital and analogue circuits due to their ability to control current. Transistors form the backbone of the integrated circuits and modern electronics.

Energy bands refer to how electrons behave in solids. In the case of conductors where the conductivity is high, the valence band and conduction band overlap which lets the electrons move freely. In the case of semiconductors, the valence and conduction bands have a small energy gap between them such as ?1 eV. There is a requirement for some external energy for electrons to jump to the conduction band. The gap is large in the case of insulators (>3 eV), making the electron movement nearly impossible. The energy band model differentiates how easily a material can conduct electricity. In semiconductors, there is controlled conductivity which is important for electronic devices as in these cases light or thermal energy can excite electrons.