Exam Day Tips for NEET - Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

General Introduction: Important and scope of chemistry.

Structure of Atom

Atomic number, isotopes and isobars, Concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light.

Some p-Block Elements

Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates and zeolites, their uses.

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Cyanides and Isocyanides- will be mentioned at relevant places.

Environmental Chemistry

Environmental pollution: Air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution.

Polymers

Classification- Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization. Some important polymers: natural and synthetic like polyesters, bakelite; rubber, Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Chemicals in medicines- analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
• Chemicals in food- preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants.
• Cleansing agents- soaps and detergents, cleansing action.

Surface Chemistry

Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids,
catalysis homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophilic, lyophobic multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation; emulsions- types of emulsions.

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

·         Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical rotation.

·         Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for
monosubstituted compounds only).

·         Uses and environmental effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.