Maths Matrices

The elements of a matrix may be real or complex numbers. If all the elements of a matrix are real, then the matrix is called a real matrix.

R₁ =  $\left\{\left(a,1\right)\in N*N:\left|a-b\right|\le 13\right\}$

 $\left(a,a\right)\in R_{1}as\left|a-a\right|\le 13\left(Reflexive\right)$

$\left(a,b\right)\&\left(b,a\right)\in R_{1}as\left|a-b\right|=\left|b-a\right|\to \left(symmetric\right).$

But it is not necessary that if (a,b) & (b, c)  $\in R,then\left(a,c\right)\in R$

Eg   $-\left(21,10\right)\in R\&\left(10,1\right)\in Rbut\left(21,1\right)\notin R_1$

R₂ =   $\left\{\left(a,b\right)\in N*N:\left|a-b\right|\ne 13\therefore R_2\to Notequivalencesolutoin.\right\}$

$\left(a,b\right)\&\left(b,a\right)\in R_{2}as\left|a-b\right|=\left|b-a\right|$

But it is not necessary that if (a, b) & (b, c)  $\in R_2$  then (a, c) also $\in R_2$ .

Eg – (21, 1)   $\in R_2\&\left(1,8\right)\in R_{2}but\left(21,8\right)\notin R_2$

$N=M^2+M^4+.....+M^{98}$

$=\left(-{\alpha }^{2}I\right)+{\left(-{\alpha }^{2}I\right)}^2+....+{\left(-{\alpha }^{2}I\right)}^{49}$

$=I\left(-{\alpha }^2+{\alpha }^4-{\alpha }^6+....-{\alpha }^{98}\right)$

N = $-I\left({\alpha }^2-{\alpha }^4+{\alpha }^6.......+{\alpha }^{98}\right)$

$=-I\frac{{\alpha }^2\left(1-{\left(-{\alpha }^2\right)}^{49}\right)}{1-\left(-{\alpha }^2\right)}$

N = $\frac{-I{\alpha }^2\left(1+{\alpha }^{98}\right)}{1+{\alpha }^2}$

Now $\left(I-m^2\right)N=-2I$

$\left(I+{\alpha }^{2}I\right)\frac{\left(-I{\alpha }^2\cdot (1+{\alpha }^{98}\right)}{1+{\alpha }^2}=-2I$

? α¹⁰⁰ + α² = 2

? α = $\pm 1$

Given a > b

Area common to x2 + y2 $\le a^{2}and\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}\le 1$

is $\pi a^2-\pi ab=30\pi ..............\left(i\right)$

Similarly $\pi ab-\pi b^2=18\pi .................\left(ii\right)$

Equation (i) and equation (ii) $\frac{a}{b}=\frac{5}{3}$

Equation (i) + equation (ii) $a^2-b^2=48$

a² = 75, b² = 27

B = (I – adjA)⁵

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f : R defined as

$f\left(x\right)=x-1andg\left(x\right):R-\left\{1,-1\right\}\to R$

$g\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2}{x^2-1}$

$\therefore fog\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2}{x^2-1}-1=\frac{1}{x^2-1}$

domain of fog (x) R – {-1, 1} and range   $(-\infty ,-1]\cup (0,\infty )$ $\therefore$ $$

$$ fog (x) is neither one-one nor onto

 $f\left(x\right)=\frac{x-1}{x+1}\Rightarrow f\left(f\left(x\right)\right)=\frac{\frac{x-1}{x+1}-1}{\frac{x-1}{x+1}+1}=-\frac{1}{x}$

$f^3\left(x\right)=-\frac{x+1}{x-1}\Rightarrow f^4\left(x\right)=\frac{\frac{x-1}{x+1}+1}{\frac{x-1}{x+1}-1}=x$

$So,f^6\left(6\right)+f^7\left(7\right)=f^2\left(6\right)+f^3\left(7\right)$

= $-\frac{1}{6}-\frac{7+1}{7-1}=-\frac{9}{6}=-\frac{3}{2}$

 $A=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{4}\hfill & \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

$A^2=$ $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{4}\hfill & \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{4}\hfill & \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

$=3\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill \frac{1}{4}\hfill & \hfill \frac{1}{2}\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill \end{array}\right]$

A² = 3A

 A³ = 3A²

A³ = 3²A

A⁴ = 3³A

Aⁿ = 3^n-1A

now, A² + A³ +….+A¹⁰

= 3A + 3² A +…. + 3⁹A

= 3A (1 + 3 +….+ 3⁸

$=3A\cdot \frac{\left(3^9-1\right)}{3-1}$

$=\frac{3^{10}-3}{2}A$

$=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 2\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \\ \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill -3\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill & \hfill \delta \hfill \end{array}\right|=0\Rightarrow \delta =-3$

and ${\Delta }_1=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\hfill 7\hfill & \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill -1\hfill \\ \hfill 1\hfill & \hfill -3\hfill & \hfill 2\hfill \\ \hfill k\hfill & \hfill 4\hfill & \hfill -3\hfill \end{array}\right|=0\Rightarrow k=6$

Set of first 10 prime numbers

= {2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31}

So sample space = 104.

Favourable cases

So required probability

$=\frac{10+4{*}^{10}\text{?}{C}_2}{10^4}=\frac{10+\frac{4*10.9}{2}}{10^4}=\frac{19}{1000}$