Physics NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 12th Chapter Fourteen

Three components namely, two germanium diodes and one resistor are connected across these three terminals in some arrangement.
A student performs an experiment in which any two of these three terminals are connected in the circuit as shown in figure.
The student obtains graphs of current-voltage characteristics for unknown combination of components between the two terminals connected in the circuit. The graphs are

An XOR gate has the following truth table. It is represented by following logic relation Y = ? . B + A . B' . Build this gate using AND, OR and NOT gates

Suppose a n-type wafer is'created by doping Si crystal having 5 x 10²⁸atoms/m³ with 1 ppm concentration of As. On the surface 200 ppm boron is added to create 'p' region in this wafer. Considering  n_i = 1.5 x 10¹⁶ m^-3,
(i) Calculate the densities of the charge carriers in the n and p regions,
(ii) Comment which charge carriers would contribute largely for the reverse saturation current when diode is reverse biased.

Consider the circuit arrangement shown in Fig 14.16 (a) for studying input and output characteristics of npn transistor in CE configuration

Select the values of RB and RC for a transistor whose VBE = 0.7 V, so that the transistor is operating at point Q as shown in the characteristics shown in Fig. 14.16 (b). Given that the input impedance of the transistor is very small and VCC = VBB = 16 V, also find the voltage gain and power gain of circuit making appropriate assumptions.

Assuming the ideal diode, draw the output waveform for the circuit given in figure, explain the waveform.

Draw the output signals C₁ and C₂ in the given combination of gates.

In the circuit shown in figure, when the input voltage of the base resistance is 10 V, V_BEis zero and V_CE is also zero. Find the values of I_B, I_C and β .

If each diode in figure has a forward bias resistance of 25 Ω and infinite resistance in reverse bias, what will be the values of the currents I₁, I₂, I₃and I₄?

Q.6. Let $A=\left[-1,1\right]$ , Then, discuss whether the following functions defined on  $A$ are one-one, onto, or bijective:

(i)  $f\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{2}$

(ii)  $g\left(x\right)=\left|x\right|$

(iii)  $h\left(x\right)=x\left|x\right|$

(iv)  $k\left(x\right)=x^2$ .

Q.6. Let $A=\left[-1,1\right]$ , Then, discuss whether the following functions defined on  $A$ are one-one, onto, or bijective:

(i)  $f\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{2}$

(ii)  $g\left(x\right)=\left|x\right|$

(iii)  $h\left(x\right)=x\left|x\right|$

(iv)  $k\left(x\right)=x^2$ .