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Brunel University London and Aston University are both well known universities located in London, UK and Brunel University ranking and Aston University ranking in the World University Rankings in 2025 is #351-400 according to the top ranking publishers additionally the Shiksha grading system has also given an overall university grade of B+ to both Brunel and Aston University. Some parameters to determine which university is better include the annual tuition cost, the programs offered, scholarships for international students, placement opportunities, accommodation, dining, and transportation facilities and the overall student and campus life at the university.

Skimming and scanning are two essential reading techniques that can significantly improve reading efficiency, especially in timed situations like the IELTS exam. Here's how each technique helps:

Skimming

• Purpose: Skimming is used to get a general idea of the content and structure of a text without reading every word.
• How It Works: When you skim, you basically read the introduction, headings, subheadings, and the first and last sentences of each paragraph. This allows you to understand and grasp the main themes and ideas.
• Benefits:
  • Time-Saving: By quickly identifying key points, you save time while still understanding the overall context.
  • Focus on Relevance: Skimming helps you decide which parts of the text are worth a closer read based on the questions you need to answer.

Scanning

• Purpose: Scanning is used to find specific information or details within a text.
• How It Works: When you scan, you look for keywords, phrases, or numbers related to the information you need. You move your eyes over the text quickly to locate this data.
• Benefits:
  • Efficiency in Finding Data: Scanning allows you to locate answers to questions without having to read through entire sections, which is especially useful for quickly answering specific queries.
  • Highlighting Key Information: It helps identify important details like dates, names, statistics, or definitions, allowing for a more targeted reading approach.

Impact of Skimming and Scanning on Reading Efficiency

By incorporating skimming and scanning into your reading practices, you can significantly enhance your ability to process large volumes of text quickly and effectively. This is crucial in exam environments where time is limited. Mastering these skills will allow you to tackle reading passages more confidently and increase your chances of answering questions accurately within the allotted time.Skimming and scanning are essential reading techniques that can significantly improve reading efficiency, especially in timed tests like the IELTS. Here's how each technique contributes:

Skimming

Definition: Skimming involves rapidly moving your eyes over the text to get a general idea of its content without reading every word.

Benefits:

1. Quick Overview: It helps you grasp the main ideas, themes, and structure of the passage, allowing you to better understand the context before you dive deeper into specific details.
2. Time-Saving: This technique allows you to read through passages quickly, enabling you to allocate time more efficiently across all questions.
3. Identifying Keywords: While skimming, you can notice keywords, phrases, or sections that seem relevant to the questions, which can guide your focused reading later on.

Scanning

Definition: Scanning is a technique used to locate specific information or details within the text quickly.

Benefits:

1. Finding Information: This method enables you to quickly locate dates, names, statistics, or answers to particular questions without reading everything.
2. Efficient Focus: By knowing what information you need, you can target your search within the text, reducing the time spent reading irrelevant parts.
3. Avoiding Information Overload: Scanning helps you filter out unnecessary information, allowing you to concentrate only on what is pertinent to the questions.

Combined Use

Using skimming and scanning together enhances your overall reading efficiency. Start with skimming to understand the passage's general idea and structure, then use scanning to find specific answers or details. This two-step approach allows you to maximize your comprehension while minimizing the time spent on reading, which is crucial during exams like the IELTS. By practicing these techniques, you can improve your ability to handle complex texts more efficiently.

The University of British Columbia is a well-known and high-ranking university located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. According to the Shiksha grading system, the university secured an overall university grade of A+ along with allocation of grades to some of the courses offered by the university such as Biology (A+), Mathematics (A+), Computer Science (A), and Business Analytics (B+). Additionally, the university is also ranked #41 in the World University Rankings in 2025 according to the top-ranking publishers. Some other top-ranking publishers have also ranked UBC. The rankings are listed below:

• QS Top Universities: #38 in QS World University Rankings.
• U.S. News 7 World Reports: #39 in Best Global Universities.