The S Block Elements

10.5. Assertion: Electrode potential is a measure of the tendency of an element to lose electrons in the aqueous solution. So, the reducing property can be correlated in terms ofelectrode potentials (E°) of alkali metals.

Reason: More positive is the electrode potential, higher is the tendency of the element to loose electrons and hence, stronger is the reducing agent.

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(c) Reason is wrong a statement. More negative is the electrode potential, higher is the tendency of the element to lose electrons and hence, stronger is the reducing agent.

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10.4. Assertion: Alkali metals are always univalent.

Reason: Alkali metals are soft.

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(b) Both the statements are correct but not the reason for the assertion.

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10.3. Assertion: The alkalimetals and their salts impart characteristiccolour to an oxidizing flame.

Reason: This heat from the flame excites the outermost orbitalelectron to a higher energy level. When the excitedelectron comes back to the ground state, thereis emission of radiation in the visible region ofthe spectrum.

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10.2. Assertion: The ionization enthalpies of the alkali metalsare considerably high and increase down thegroup from Li to Cs.

Reason: The effectof increasing size outweighs the increasingnuclear charge, and the outermost electron isvery well screened from the nuclear charge.

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(d) The ionization enthalpies of the alkali metals are considerably low and decrease down the group from Li to Cs. This is because the effect of increasing size outweighs the increasing nuclear charge, and the outermost electron is very well screened from the nuclear charge.

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Assertion and Reason:

Directions:

(a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.

(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

(d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

10.1.Assertion: The elements of Group 2 are commonly known asthe alkaline earth metals.

Reason: Theiroxides and hydroxides are alkaline in nature and thesemetal oxides are found in the earth’s crust.

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Assertion and Reason:

Directions:

(a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.

(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

(d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

10.1.Assertion: The elements of Group 2 are commonly known asthe alkaline earth metals.

Reason: Theiroxides and hydroxides are alkaline in nature and thesemetal oxides are found in the earth’s crust.

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10.32. Which one of the alkaline earth metal carbonates is thermally most stable?
(a) MgCO₃ (b) CaCO₃ (c) SrCO₃ (d) BaCO₃(Intermediate)

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(d) BaCO₃

Thermal stability is directly proportional to the size of the cation i.e., larger the size of the atom, greater is its thermal stability. Ba being the biggest cation among the given compounds, has a greater thermal stability.

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10.31. Which one of the following alkali metals gives hydrated salts?
(a) Li (b) Na (c) K (d) Cs (Intermediate)

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(a) Li

Li⁺ is the smallest in size and thus, has the highest charge density and hence attracts the water molecules more strongly to form hydrated salts.

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10.30. Which of the alkali metal is having least melting point?
(a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs

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(d) Cs

Size of Cs is the biggest thus, its melting point is the lowest, (d) is correct

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10.29. How would you explain the following observations?
(i) BeO is almost insoluble but BeSO₄ is soluble in water,
(ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO₄is insoluble in water,
(iii) LiI is more soluble than KI in ethanol.

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