Class 11th

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Payal Gupta

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9.47. The H–H bond dissociation enthalpy of dihydrogen (435.88 kJ mol–1) is the highest for a single bond between two atoms of any elements. This property is made use of in the atomic hydrogen torch which generates a temperature of ~4000K and is ideal for welding of high melting metals.

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Payal Gupta

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9.46.  (b) Reducing agent

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Payal Gupta

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9.45.  (a) H2O2 has planar structure.

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Payal Gupta

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9.44.  (a) H+ can exist freely.

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Payal Gupta

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9.43.  (d) Calgon forms precipitates with Ca2+ and Mg2+.

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Payal Gupta

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9.42.  (b) antiseptic

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Payal Gupta

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9.41.  (d) Hard water forms scum/precipitate with soap. Soap containing sodium stearate (C17H35COONa) reacts with hard water to precipitate out Ca/Mg stearate.It is, therefore, unsuitable for laundry. It is harmful for boilers as well, because of deposition of salts in the form of scale. This reduces the efficiency of the boiler.

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Payal Gupta

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9.40.  (c) The crystalline form of water is ice. Atatmospheric pressure ice crystallises in the hexagonal form, but at very low temperatures it condenses to cubic form. Density of ice is less than that of water. Therefore, an ice cube floats on water.  In winter season ice formed on the surface of a lake provides thermal insulation which ensures the survival of the aquatic life. This fact is of great ecological significance.

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Payal Gupta

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9.39.  (c) Lithium hydride is rather unreactive atmoderate temperatures with O2 or Cl2. It is, therefore, used in the synthesis of other usefulhydrides, e.g.,

8LiH + Al2Cl6  →   2LiAlH4  + 6LiCl

2LiH + B2H6  →  2LiBH4

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