M.A

Yes, you are eligible, some of the great universities such as JNU (Jawaharlal Nehru University) offers this program. JNU is among most prestigious university in India. You can go with through this link
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.shiksha.com/humanities-social-sciences/political-science/course/amp/m-a-in-political-science-jawaharlal-nehru-university-mehrauli-delhi-268820

Yes, you can apply but you should have at least 50% marks in graduation.

Hi Shyamal!
If you want to prepare for JNUEE in M.A. Hindi, then you should solve all the previous year problems. You can get it from the nearby markets. Also these are available online via Flipkart and amazon. Also, give some online tests as well to keep preparations high.
Best of luck.

Now, B.Ed is essential for all teaching posts. For becoming PGT teacher, you have to complete your post graduation.

Go for higher studies, like M.Phil Ph.D. B.Ed or Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College, DG Vaishnav College in Madras University or Tamil university. Your career will be as a teacher, professor, researcher in Tamil and UPSC, SET, NET.

There will be many foreign universities offering distance education like Nottingham Trent University Online, Walden University, Mass Online, etc. You can simply find it on the net, check the university websites for the requirements and apply. Check for necessary accreditation also. The application process will be online.

It's very nice to see your enthusiasm for English literature. Its the best you are doing. There are plenty of opportunities for professionals in English language. I am attaching a link that will give you all the required information about your query. https://www.uohyd.ac.in/.

Go through Hudson's Background to the study of Literature threadbare. The book will give you a comprehensive idea. Study Abram's Literary Terms beforehand. Read some Shakespeare and Keats. Improve your literary taste. Learn to read in detail. Get rid of superficial reading.

Yes. There are too many colleges which offer M.A. Philosophy in distance educationas IGNOU, Kumaon University, etc. In my opinion to have to do M.A. Privately. Every university which offer MA, you can do it from there.
Good luck.