Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 11th
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4.8. Although geometries of NH3 and H2O molecules are distorted tetrahedral, bond angle in water is less than that of ammonia. Discuss.
4.8. Although geometries of NH3 and H2O molecules are distorted tetrahedral, bond angle in water is less than that of ammonia. Discuss.
4.8. Because of two lone pairs of electrons on O-atom, repulsion on bond pairs is greater in H2O in comparison to NH3. Thus, the bond angle is less in H2O molecules.
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4.7. Discuss the shape of the following molecules using the VSEPR model:
BeCl2, BCl3, SiCl4, AsF5, H2S, PH3.
4.7. Discuss the shape of the following molecules using the VSEPR model:
BeCl2, BCl3, SiCl4, AsF5, H2S, PH3.
4.7
Molecule | Number of electron pairs around central atom | Type |
| Molecular geometry | Bond angles |
BeCl2? | 2 | AB2 |
| Linear | 180o |
BCl3? | 3 | AB3 |
| trigonal planar | 120o |
SiCl4? | 4 | AB4 |
| tetrahedral | 109.5o |
AsF5? | 5 | AB5 |
| trigonal bipyramidal | three 120 o, two 90 o |
H2?S | 6 | AB2L2 |
| V-shaped/bent | 92 o |
PH3? | 5 | AB3L |
| trigonal pyramidal | 93.5o |
Upvote 4.6. Write the favourable factors for the formation of ionic bond.
4.6. Write the favourable factors for the formation of ionic bond.
4.6. The favourable factors for the formation of ionic bond are:
1. Low ionization enthalpy of metal atoms.
2. High electron gain enthalpy of non-metal atoms.
High lattice enthalpy of compound formed.
Upvote 4.5. Define Octet rule. Write its significance and limitations.
4.5. Define Octet rule. Write its significance and limitations.
4.5. Kössel and Lewis developed an important theory of chemical combination between atoms known as electronic theory of chemical bonding. According to this rule, atoms can combine either by transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another (gaining or losing) or by sharing of valence elec
Upvote 4.4. Draw the Lewis structures for the following molecules and ions:
H2S, SiCl4, BeF2, CO32-, HCOOH.
4.4. Draw the Lewis structures for the following molecules and ions:
H2S, SiCl4, BeF2, CO32-, HCOOH.
4.4.
The properties of molecules and compounds are determined by their molecular structure, which is the arrangement of the atoms in space. The molecular structure is determined by the type of bond and the number and arrangement of atoms in the molecule. The shape of the molecule affects its po
Upvote 4.3. Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms and ions: S and S2–; Al and Al3+; H and H–.
4.3. Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms and ions: S and S2–; Al and Al3+; H and H–.
4.3. 16S = 2, 8, 6
13Al = 2, 8, 3
1H = 1
Lewis symbols are:
Upvote 4.2. Write Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the following elements: Mg, Na, B, O, N, Br.
4.2. Write Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the following elements: Mg, Na, B, O, N, Br.
4.2.
Element | Atomic number | Atomic arrangement | Lewis symbol |
Mg | 12 | 2,8,2 | |
Na | 11 | 2,8,1 | |
B | 5 | 2,3 | |
O | 8 | 2,6 | |
N | 7 | 2,5 | |
Br | 35 | 2,8,18,7 |
Upvote 4.1. Chemical bond is an attractive force which binds atoms, ions etc. together in a compound. According to Kossel and Lewis, atoms combine together in order to complete their respective octets so as to acquire the configuration of the nearest stable inert gas. This can occur in two ways; by tr
Upvote 3.60. What is screening or shielding effect? How does it influence the ionization enthalpy?
3.60. What is screening or shielding effect? How does it influence the ionization enthalpy?
3.60. In a multi-electron atom, the electrons present in the inner shells shield the electrons in the valence shell from the attraction of the nucleus. They act as a screen between the nucleus and these electrons. This is known as the shedding effect or the screening effect.
As the screening eff
Upvote 3.59. What are transition elements? Write their important characteristics.
3.59. What are transition elements? Write their important characteristics.
3.59. The d-block elements are known as transition elements.
They have electronic configuration= (n – 1) d1-10 ns1-2
Characteristics of d-block elements are:
They show variable oxidation states.
Their compounds are generally paramagnetic.
Most of the transition elements form coloured compounds.
They
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