Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 11th
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<p><strong>4.30. Which hybrid orbitals are used by carbon atoms in the following molecules?</strong></p>
<p><strong>(a) </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>3</sub> </p>
<p><strong>(b) </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>-CH=CH<sub>2</sub> </p>
<p><strong>(c) </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>-CH<sub>2</sub>-OH</p>
<p><strong>(d) </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>-CHO</p>
<p><strong>(e) </strong>CH<sub>3</sub>COOH.</p>
12.9. Which of the two: O2NC H2CH2O– or CH3CH2O– is expected to be more stable and why?
12.9. Which of the two: O2NC H2CH2O– or CH3CH2O– is expected to be more stable and why?
Nitroethoxide ion (O2NCH2CH2O–) is more stable than ethoxide ion (CH3CH2O–) due to -I effect of nitro group which decreases the negative charge of oxide ion of nitroethoxide ion leading to stability. In contrast, CH3CH2 has +I-effect. It, therefore, tends to intensify the -ve charge and hence d
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4.29 Considering x-axis as the inter-nuclear axis which out of the following will not form a sigma bond and why?
(a) 1s and 1s
(b) 1s and 2px
(c) 2py and 2py
(d) 1s and 2s
4.29 Considering x-axis as the inter-nuclear axis which out of the following will not form a sigma bond and why?
(a) 1s and 1s
(b) 1s and 2px
(c) 2py and 2py
(d) 1s and 2s
4.29 (c) It will not form a sigma bond because taking x-axis as the inter-nuclear axis, there will be lateral overlap between the two 2py orbitals forming a -bond.
Upvote <p><strong>12.8. Identify the functional groups in the following compounds </strong></p>
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<div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1742295857php7l6Ck2_480x360.jpeg" media="(max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1742295857php7l6Ck2.jpeg" alt="" width="560" height="161"></picture></div>
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4.28. What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?
(a) C2H2
(b) C2H4
4.28. What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?
(a) C2H2
(b) C2H4
4.28. (a) Acetylene C2? H2? contains 3? bonds and 2? bonds.
(b) Ethylene C2? H4? contains 5? bonds and 1? bond.
Upvote 12.6. Draw formulas for the first five members of each homologous series beginning with the following compounds.
(a) H—COOH (b) CH3COCH3 (c) H—CH=CH2
12.6. Draw formulas for the first five members of each homologous series beginning with the following compounds.
(a) H—COOH (b) CH3COCH3 (c) H—CH=CH2
(a) H-COOH
CH3—COOH
CH3CH2—COOH
CH3CH2CH2—COOH
CH3CH2CH2CH2—COOH
(b) CH3COCH3
CH3COCH2CH3
CH3COCH2CH2CH3
CH3COCH2CH2CH2CH3
CH3CO (CH3)4CH3
(c) H—CH=CH2
CH3CH=CH2
CH3CH2CH=CH2
CH3CH2CH2CH=CH2
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2
Upvote 12.5.Which of the following represents the correct IUPAC name for the compounds concerned?(a) 2, 2-Dimethylpentane or 2-Dimethylpentane (b) 2, 4, 7-Trimethyloctane or 2, 5, 7- Trimethyloctane (c) 2-Chloro-4-methylpentane or 4-Chloro-2-methylpentane (d) But-3-yn- 1-ol or But-4-ol-yne.
12.5.Which of the following represents the correct IUPAC name for the compounds concerned?(a) 2, 2-Dimethylpentane or 2-Dimethylpentane (b) 2, 4, 7-Trimethyloctane or 2, 5, 7- Trimethyloctane (c) 2-Chloro-4-methylpentane or 4-Chloro-2-methylpentane (d) But-3-yn- 1-ol or But-4-ol-yne.
(a) 2, 2-Demethylpentane
(b) 2, 4, 7-Trimethyloctane. For two alkyl groups on the same carbon its locant is repeated twice, 2, 4, 7-locant set is lower than 2, 5, 7.
(c) 2- Chloro-4-methylpentane. Alphabetical order of substituents, (d) But-3-yn-1-ol. Lower locant for the principal function
Upvote 12.4. Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds
12.4. Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds
(a) Propylbenzene (b) 3-Methylpentanenitrite (c) 2, 5-Dimethylheptane
(d) 3-Bromo- 3-chloroheptane (e) 3-Chloropropanal (f) 2, 2-Dichloroethanol
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