Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 11th
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10.31. Which one of the following alkali metals gives hydrated salts?
(a) Li (b) Na (c) K (d) Cs (Intermediate)
10.31. Which one of the following alkali metals gives hydrated salts?
(a) Li (b) Na (c) K (d) Cs (Intermediate)
(a) Li
Li+ is the smallest in size and thus, has the highest charge density and hence attracts the water molecules more strongly to form hydrated salts.
Upvote 
10.30. Which of the alkali metal is having least melting point?
(a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs
10.30. Which of the alkali metal is having least melting point?
(a) Na (b) K (c) Rb (d) Cs
(d) Cs
Size of Cs is the biggest thus, its melting point is the lowest, (d) is correct
Upvote 10.29. How would you explain the following observations?
(i) BeO is almost insoluble but BeSO4 is soluble in water,
(ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO4is insoluble in water,
(iii) LiI is more soluble than KI in ethanol.
10.29. How would you explain the following observations?
(i) BeO is almost insoluble but BeSO4 is soluble in water,
(ii) BaO is soluble but BaSO4is insoluble in water,
(iii) LiI is more soluble than KI in ethanol.
(i) Lattice energy of BeO is comparatively higher than the hydration energy. Therefore, it is almost insoluble in water. Whereas, BeSO4 is ionic in nature and its hydration energy dominates the lattice energy.
(ii) Both BaO and BaSO4 are ionic compounds but the hydration energy of BaO is
Upvote 10.28.Write balanced equations for reactions between
(a) Na2O2 and water
(b) KO2 and water
(c) Na2O and CO2
10.28.Write balanced equations for reactions between
(a) Na2O2 and water
(b) KO2 and water
(c) Na2O and CO2
(a) Na2O2 + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2O2
(b) 2KO2 + 2H2O → 2KOH + O2+ H2O2
(c) Na2O+ CO2 → Na2CO3
Upvote 10.27. State as to why
(a) a solution of Na2CO3 is alkaline?
(b) alkali metals are prepared by electrolysis of their fused chlorides?
(c) sodium is found to be more useful than potassium?
10.27. State as to why
(a) a solution of Na2CO3 is alkaline?
(b) alkali metals are prepared by electrolysis of their fused chlorides?
(c) sodium is found to be more useful than potassium?
(a) Na2CO3 is a salt of a weak acid, carbonic acid (H2CO3) and a strong base NaOH. Thus, it undergoes hydrolysis to produce strong base NaOH and its aqueous solution isalkaline in nature.
Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (l) → 2NaOH
(b) Because the discharge potential of alkali metals is much higher than that
Upvote 10.26. Comment on each of the following observations:
(a) The mobilities of the alkali metal ions in aqueous solution are Li+ < Na+ <k+ < Rb+ < Cs+</k
(b) Lithium is the only alkali metal to form a nitride directly.
(c) E? for M2+ (aq) + 2e– → M(s) (where M = Ca, Sr, or Ba) is nearly constant.
10.26. Comment on each of the following observations:
(a) The mobilities of the alkali metal ions in aqueous solution are Li+ < Na+ <k+ < Rb+ < Cs+</k
(b) Lithium is the only alkali metal to form a nitride directly.
(c) E? for M2+ (aq) + 2e– → M(s) (where M = Ca, Sr, or Ba) is nearly constant.
(a) Smaller the size of the ion, more highly it is hydrated and hence greater is the mass of the hydrated ion and thus the ionic mobility become lesser. The extent of hydration decreases in the order.
Li+ < Na+
Thus the mobility of Cs+ will be the highest
(b) Due to its smaller siz
Upvote 10.25. What happens when
(i) Sodium metal is dropped in water?
(ii) Sodium metal is heated in free supply of air?
(iii) Sodium peroxide dissolves in water?
10.25. What happens when
(i) Sodium metal is dropped in water?
(ii) Sodium metal is heated in free supply of air?
(iii) Sodium peroxide dissolves in water?
(i) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
(ii) 2Na + O2 → Na2O2
(iii) Na2O2 + 2H20 → 2NaOH + H2O2
Upvote 10.24. Explain the significance of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium in biological fluids.
10.24. Explain the significance of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium in biological fluids.
Sodium:
- Na+ions participate in the transmission of nerve signals, in regulating the flow of water across cell membranes.
- In the transport of sugars and amino acids into cell.
Potassium:
- K+ions activate many enzymes.
- Participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP.
Magnesium:
- All enzymes that utilise
Upvote 10.23. Why is LiF almost insoluble in water whereas LiCl soluble not only in water but also in acetone?
10.23. Why is LiF almost insoluble in water whereas LiCl soluble not only in water but also in acetone?
It is due to high lattice energy of LiF as compared to LiCl.
LiCl is soluble in water because its hydration energy is higher than its lattice energy.
Upvote 10.22. Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali ions usually anhydrous?
10.22. Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali ions usually anhydrous?
Li+ can polarize water molecules easily than the other alkali metal ions because of its small size.
Upvote