Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 12th

Ethylidene chloride is   

1, 1 Dichloro ethane.

During nitration of aniline, meta product is also formed, it is because of due to presence of anilinium ion. In anilium $-\stackrel{+}{N}{H}_3$  group is meta directing group.

Ortho product has intramolecular H- bonding & para product has intermolecular H- bonding. Thus it can be separated by steam distillation due to difference in B.

Leaching of Al₂O₃ with alkali;

$\begin{array}{l}A{l}_2{O}_3\left(s\right)+2NaOH\left(aq\right)+3H_{2}O\left(l\right)\to 2Na\left[Al{\left(OH\right)}_4\right]\left(aq\right)\\ X\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{l}2Na\left[Al{\left(OH\right)}_4\right]\left(aq\right)+2C{O}_2\left(g\right)\to A{l}_2{O}_3.x{H}_{2}O\left(s\right)+2NaHC{O}_3\left(aq\right)\\ XYZ\end{array}$

Kindly go through the solution 

First reaction is EAS which will be given by that phenol derivative whose p-position is free for EAS reaction.

Eutrophication of water body results in loss of biodiversity.

$E_{M{n}^{+3}/M{n}^{+2}}^o=1.51V$

the strongest oxidizing agent have the highest reduction potential. So Mn³⁺ is the strongest oxidizing agent.