P Block Elements

7.34

It is difficult to study the chemistry of radon because it is a radioactive substance having a half-life (the time period to decompose the substance half to its initial concentration) of only 3.82 days.

Radon belongs to the 18 group elements with chemical formula as Rn. In general, the elements a

7.33

XeF₆ + H₂O  XeO₂F₂ + HF

Balanced equation: XeF₆ + 2H₂O XeO₂F₂ +4HF. The steps for balancing the reaction are as follows:

1. The main element is First, check if the atoms of Xe on both sides are balanced. YES, they are.

2. Then take another element i.e. F. It is not balanced on the right side,

7.32

Helium mixed with oxygen under pressure is given to sea divers for respiration because pure oxygen can be toxic at a great concentration at the depth. Therefore oxygen can be mixed with helium to reduce oxygen concentration while eliminating nitrogen. 

The main reason for adding helium to th

7.31

In interhalogen compound ICl and I₂ the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds

Reactivity refers to the rate at which a chemical species will undergo reaction in time. For reaction to take place the compound needs to be broken into separate elements first, then the individual elements react with othe

7.30

Two poisonous gases that can be prepared with chlorine gas are:

Phosgene (COCl₂)

This is how phosphene is formed:

CO + Cl₂? COCl₂ (in presence of sunlight)

(ii) Mustard gas (Cl-C₂H₄-S-C₂H₄-Cl)

(iii) Tear gas (CCl₃NO₂)

7.29

Moist chlorine is a good reducing agent because it can accept electrons from other species as it is very electronegative.

(iii) The bleaching action of chlorine is due to oxidation by nascent oxygen produced. This nascent oxygen can be produced by

Chlorine dissolves in water in absence of sunligh

7.28

Sea water is a treasure of many elements and halogens are one of them. It contains many compounds of halogen including bromides, iodides, and chlorides. The solid deposits from sea water contain NaCl and Carnalite.

It primarily contains COMMON SALT (2.5% by mass). The deposits of dried up sea be

7.27

The reasons for the anomalous behaviour of fluorine are as follows:

The smallest size of fluorine

The highest electronegativity

Low bond dissociation enthalpy of F-F bond

Non-availability of d-orbitals in its valence shell The anomalous properties are as follows;

Fluorine shows only one oxidation sta

7.26

The oxidizing power of an element depends on three factors.

1. Bond dissociation energy

2. Electron gain enthalpy

3. Hydration enthalpy

Fluorine is considered the strongest oxidizing agent compared to all known elements due to its small size (being the first member of 17 group and ionic radii decrea

7.25

H₂SO₄ is dibasic acid (two replacable H⁺ ions) . In aqueous solution it dissociates in two steps as follows:

The formula for dissociation constants are:

The neutral H₂SO₄ molecule has more tendency to lose a proton (H⁺) than the Lowry-Bronsted base (which can donate electron i.e. accept a proton