Sequences and Series

First term = a

Common difference = d

Given: a + 5d = 2        . (1)

Product (P) = (a₁a₅a₄) = a (a + 4d) (a + 3d)

Using (1)

P = (2 – 5d) (2 – d) (2 – 2d)

-> = (2 – 5d) (2 –d) (– 2) + (2 – 5d) (2 – 2d) (– 1) + (– 5) (2 – d) (2 – 2d)

$\frac{dP}{dd}$ = –2 [ (d – 2) (5d – 2) + (d – 1) (5d – 2) + (d – 1) (5d – 2) + 5 (d – 1) (d – 2)]

= –2 [15d² – 34d + 16]

$d=\frac{8}{5}or\frac{2}{3}$

at  $\left(\frac{8}{5}\right)$ , product attains maxima

-> d = 1.6

a, ar, ar², ….ar⁶³

a+ar+ar² +….+ar⁶³ = 7 [a + ar² + ar⁴ +.+ar⁶²]

$\frac{a\left(1-r^{64}\right)}{\left(1-r\right)}=7\frac{a\left(1-r^{64}\right)}{\left(1-r^2\right)}$            

1 + r = 7

r = 6

S₂₀ = $\frac{20}{2}$ [2a + 19d] = 790

2a + 19d = 79              . (1)

$S_{10}\frac{10}{2}\left[2a+9d\right]=145$

2a + 9d = 29                . (2)

from (1) and (2) a = –8, d = 5

$S_{15}-S_5=\frac{15}{2}\left[2a+14d\right]-\frac{5}{2}\left[2a+4d\right]$

$=\frac{15}{2}\left[-16+70\right]-\frac{5}{2}\left[-16+20\right]$  

= 405 – 10

= 395

3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27, . 403 = AP₁

2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, . 401 = AP₂

so common terms A.P.

11, 23, 35, ., 395

->395 = 11 + (n – 1) 12

->395 – 11 = 12 (n – 1)

$\frac{384}{12}=n-1$    

32 = n – 1

n = 33

Sum =  $\frac{33}{2}$ [2*11+ (32)12]

=  $\frac{33}{2}$ [22 + 384]

= 6699

a + d, a + 7d and a + 43d are 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd term of G.P.

$\frac{a+7d}{a+d}=\frac{a+43d}{a+7d}$              

⇒ (a + 7d)² = (a + d) (a + 43d)

⇒ a² + 49d² + 14d = a² + 44ad + 43d³

⇒ 6d² = 30ad

⇒ d² = 5d

⇒ d = 0, 5

a = 1, d = 5

  $S_{20}=\frac{20}{2}\left[2+\left(19\right)5\right]$          

= 10 [95 + 2]

= 970

Let a_n be the side of square A_n

$a_n=\sqrt[]{2}{a}_{n+1}$

a₁ = 12

a_n = 12 $*{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[]{2}}\right)}^{n-1}$

${\left(a_n\right)}^2<1$

$\frac{144}{2^{\left(n-1\right)}}<1$

$\Rightarrow 2^{\left(n-1\right)}>144$

$\Rightarrow n-1\ge 8$

$\Rightarrow n\ge 9$

Given sequence is -16, 8, -4, 2, .

are in G.P. with first term a = -16 & common ratio r =   $\frac{-1}{2}$

Now $t_p=a{r}^{P-1}=-16{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{p-1}\&t_q=a{r}^{q-1}=-16{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{q-1}$  

So A.M. = -8 $\left[{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{p-1}+{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)}^{q-1}\right]=\alpha \left(let\right)$

Given equation is 4x² – 9x + 5 = 0 gives $x=1,\frac{5}{4}$  

From roots we get possible value of b = 1 so

$16{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{\frac{P+q-2}{2}}=1OR{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^{\frac{p+q-2}{2}}=\frac{1}{16}-{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}^4$

$\Rightarrow \frac{p+q-2}{2}=4\Rightarrow p+q=10$       

  ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{n^2+6n+10}{\left(2n+1\right)!}}$

put 2n + 1 = r, r = 3, 5, 7,.

so n = $\frac{r-1}{2}$  

$Now{\displaystyle \sum _{r=\left(3,5,7,.....\right)}^{\infty }\frac{n^2+6n+10}{\left(2n+1\right)!}}={\displaystyle \sum _{r=\left(3,5,7.....\right)}^{\infty }\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(r-1\right)}^2}{4}+3r-3+10}{r!}\right)}={\displaystyle \sum _{r=\left(3,5,7,......\right)}^{\infty }\left(\frac{r^2+10r+29}{4.r!}\right)}$          

$=\frac{1}{8}\{41e-\frac{19}{e}-80)=\frac{41}{8}e-\frac{19}{8}{e}^{-1}-10$  

First common term to both AP's is 9

t₇₈ of $\left(3,6,9,......\right)=78*3=234$  

t₅₉ of $\left(5,9,13,........\right)=5+\left(5-1\right)4=237$  

n^th common term $\le 234$  

9 + (n – 1) 12 $\le$  234

n < $\frac{237}{12}\Rightarrow n=19$  

Now sum of 19 terms with a = 9, d = 12

  $=\frac{19}{2}\left(2.9+\left(19-1\right)\cdot 12\right)=2223$