Biomolecules

14.13 

The condensation of the hydroxyl group of two monosaccharides to form a link between them is called glycosidic linkage. In other words, it refers to linkage developed between two different monosaccharide units through an oxygen atom by the loss of a water molecule. For example, in a sucro

14.12 

i. Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, and fructose are

Monosaccharides are the simplest units of carbohydrates which cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler compounds.

ii. Maltose and lactose are

A disaccharide is a carbohydrate that is formed when two monosaccharides are joined together and a mol

14.11

Carbohydrates are an essential compound for the organic life It is used as primary source of energy by plants and animals. It also fulfill other needs like synthesizing of other chemicals and provide the structure for cells within the body.

Energy is stored in it in the form of starch which, pro

14.10 

All those carbohydrates which reduce Fehling's solution to red precipitate of Cu₂O or Tollen's reagent to metallic Ag is called reducing sugars. All monosaccharides (both aldoses and ketoses) and disaccharides except Sucrose are reducing sugars.

14.9 

Monosaccharides are the only the simplest units of carbohydrates and they are the simplest form of sugar. In other words, It is the most basic form of carbohydrates. They are made up of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen atoms. They are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates i.e., they

14.8

A DNA is a double-stranded molecule (two polynucleotide chains whose nitrogenous bases are connected by hydrogen bonds).

In this molecule pairing or connection of bases occurs. Adenine always pairs with thymine, while cytosine always pairs with guanine.

So when DNA is hydrolyzed the amount of aden

14.7

When a nucleotide from DNA containing thymine is hydrolyzed β-D-2 deoxyribose and phosphoric acid are obtained.

14.6

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid due to extensive –H bonding with water due to the presence of –OH group) is a water-soluble vitamin in contrast to vitamin A, D, E and K which are fat soluble. Also, humans cannot synthesize it due to the lack of specific enzyme and it is rapidly absorbed from the intest

14.5

Eggs contain protein and proteins are a polymer in amino acids. When an egg is boiled the protein present inside the egg is denatured (the process of loss of biological activity of protein like their ability of –H bonding when subjected to a physical change like a change in temperature, pH) and

14.4 

Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (basic) and carboxyl (acidic) functional group with a specific side chain. Both acidic and basic group are present in the same molecule. In, aqueous solution carboxyl group can lose a proton (H⁺) and amino group can accept a proton (H⁺) gi