Chemistry

NaOH is obtained by electrolysis of NaCl. Solution of NaCl using Hg cathode

$\begin{array}{l}Cathode:N{a}^{+}+e\underset{}{\overset{Hg}{\to }}Na-Amalgam\\ Anode:2C{l}^{-}\to C{l}_2+2e\\ 2Na-Amalgam+2H_{2}O\to 2NaOH+2Hg+H_2\end{array}$

$N{i}^{2+}+2dmg\to \left[Ni{\left(dmg\right)}_2\right]\downarrow$ Rosy-red precipitate

In Hall Heroult process electrolysis is carried out using carbon anode. The liberated

O2 at anode reacts with anode.

Cathode : $A{l}^{3+}\left(melt\right)+3ek\to A\mathcal{l}\left(\mathcal{l}\right)$

Anode : $\begin{array}{l}C\left(s\right)+O^{2-}\left(Melt\right)\to CO\left(g\right)+2e\\ C\left(s\right)+2O^{2-}\left(Melt\right)\to C{O}_2\left(g\right)+4e\end{array}$

Net Reaction 2Al2O3 + 3C $4A\mathcal{l}+3C{O}_2$

Penicillin is not a broad spectrum artibiotic and is used to treat only certain infections caused by streptococci and staphylococci such as pneumonia.

$Cellulose\underset{}{\overset{H^{+}/H_{2}O}{\to }}\beta -D-Glucose\underset{Water}{\overset{B{r}_2}{\to }}Gluconicacid$

Kindly consider the following figure

$T_{90\mathrm{\%}}=\frac{2.303}{k}log\frac{100}{10}$

$T_{50\mathrm{\%}}=\frac{2.303}{k}log\frac{100}{50}$

$\frac{T_{90\mathrm{\%}}}{T_{50\mathrm{\%}}}=\frac{log10}{log2}=\frac{1}{0.301}=3.32$

Kindly consider the following figure

Kindly consider the following figure