Class 11th

Phosphorous can expand its covalency beyond 4, as it has vacant 3d orbitals. Nitrogen can't expand its covelency beyond 4, as it does not posses vacant 3d- orbitals.

Fire extinguisher contains sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3), also known as baking soda.

NaOH is obtained by electrolysis of NaCl. Solution of NaCl using Hg cathode

$\begin{array}{l}Cathode:N{a}^{+}+e\underset{}{\overset{Hg}{\to }}Na-Amalgam\\ Anode:2C{l}^{-}\to C{l}_2+2e\\ 2Na-Amalgam+2H_{2}O\to 2NaOH+2Hg+H_2\end{array}$

$2y{e}^{x/y^2}dx+\left(y^2-4x{e}^{x/y^2}\right)dy=0$

  $\Rightarrow 2e^{2/y^2}\left(ydx-2xdy\right)+y^{2}dy=0$            

$2e^{x/y^2}d\left(\frac{x}{y^2}\right)+\frac{dy}{y}=0$

Integrating   $2e^{x/y^2}+Iny=c$

y = 1, n = 0  c = 2

  ^{$2e^{x/y^2}+Iny=2$}  

$\therefore y=e\Rightarrow 2e^{x/e^2}+1=2$

x = -e² In2

  $y=3?\left|x?\frac{1}{2}\right|=\left|x+1\right|$

Graph

Area =   $\left(\frac{1}{2}*\frac{3}{2}*\frac{3}{4}\right)*2+\frac{3}{2}*\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}*\frac{3}{2}*\frac{3}{2}=\frac{27}{8}$

Bond order of   $C_2^{2-}=\frac{N_B-N_A}{2}=\frac{10-4}{2}=3$

Bond order of $N_2^{2-}=\frac{N_B-N_A}{2}=\frac{10-6}{2}=2$

Bond order of   $O_2^{2-}=\frac{N_B-N_A}{2}=\frac{10-8}{2}=1$

N_B = No. of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals.

N_A = No. of electron is Anti bonding molecular orbitals

Enamel has calcium hydroxyl apatite [Ca₁₀ (PO₄)₆ (OH)₂], CaCO₃, CaF₂ and Mg₃ (PO₄)₂

Ca²⁺, P⁵⁺ and F^- are present

NF₃ is stable due to high N-F bond energy.

Other halides of nitrogen (NCl₃ NBr₃, Nl₃) are explosive

Heating energy $=\frac{1}{4}th$ energy of the hammer

$=\frac{1}{4}*\frac{1}{2}m{v}^2$

$=\frac{1}{4}*\frac{1}{2}*1.5*60*60$

$=\frac{15*6*60}{4*2}$

= 675 J

$\Delta T=\frac{675}{42}=16.07°C$