Class 11th

Mass of the compound = 0.3780 g
Mass of silver chloride = 0.5740 g

% of chlorine =

Step I: Calculation of volume of unused acid i.e. V2 =?

V1 = Volume of NAOH solution required = 60 cm³ 

N1 = Normality of NaOH solution = ½ N

N2 = Normality of H₂SO₄ = 1N

Applying N1V1 = N2V2

½ N x 60 cm³ = 1N x V2

Or V2 = 30 cm³

Step II: calculation of volume of acid used

Volume of acid added = 50 cm³

Volume of unused acid = 30 cm³

Volume of acid used = 50 – 30 = 20 cm³

Step III: Calculation of % of nitrogen

Mass of compound = 0.50 g

Volume of acid used = 20 cm³

Normality of acid used = 1 N

% of nitrogen = (1.4 x 20 x 1) / 0.50 = 56%

Step 1: Calculation of mass of CO₂ produced

Mass of compound = 0.20 g

% of carbon = 69%

i.e. 12/44 x  = Mass of Carbondioxide formed / Mass of Compound = 69/100

Therefore, mass of CO₂formed = (69 x 44 x 0.20) / (12 x 100) = 0.506 g

Step 2: Calculation of mass of H₂O produced

Mass of compound = 0.20 g

% of hydrogen = 4.8%

i.e. 2/18 x Mass of Water Formed/Mass of Compound = 4.8/100

Therefore, mass of H₂O formed = 4.8*18*0.20/2*100 = 0.0864 g

It necessary to use acetic acid and not sulphuric acid for acidification of sodium extract for testing sulphur by lead acetate test because sulphuric acid will react with lead acetate to form a white precipitate of lead sulphate which will interfere in the test of sulphur.

Pb (OCOCH₃)₂ + H₂SO₄ →PbSO₄  + 2CH₃COOH

CO₂ is acidic in nature and therefore, it reacts with the strong base KOH to form K₂CO₃.

2KOH + CO₂ ? K₂CO₃+ H₂O.

No. CCl₄ is a completely non-polar covalent compound whereas AgNO₃ is ionic in nature. Therefore, they are not expected to react and thus a white precipitate of silver chloride will not be formed.

It is because in steam distillation the sum of vapour pressure of organic compound and steam should be equal to atmospheric pressure.

Sublimation can be used for the separation of the two compounds because camphor can sublime whereas CaSO₄ does not.

Organic compound is fused with sodium metal so as to convert organic compounds into NaCN,  Na₂S, NaX and Na₃PO₄. Since these are ionic compounds and become more reactive and thus can be easily tested by suitable reagents.

Nitric acid is added to sodium extract so as to decompose NaCN to HCN and Na₂S to H₂S and to expel these gases.

NaCN + HNO₃ ——-> NaNO₃ + HCN
Na₂S + 2HNO₃ ——> 2NaNO₃ + H₂S