Equilibrium
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Conjugate acid of a weak base is always stronger. What will be the decreasing order of basic strength of the following conjugate bases?
OH– , RO– , CH3COO– , Cl–
Conjugate acid of a weak base is always stronger. What will be the decreasing order of basic strength of the following conjugate bases?
OH– , RO– , CH3COO– , Cl–
This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: Conjugate acid of a weak base is always stronger and conjugate base of weak acid is always strong.
The weak acids are:
⇒H2O, ROH, CH3COOH, HCl
⇒HCl > CH3COOH > ROH > H2O
⇒ Conjugate base order ⇒ OH−>RO−>CH3COO−>Cl−
Upvote 
Ionisation constant of a weak base MOH, is given by the expression
kb=
Values of ionisation constant of some weak bases at a particular temperature are given below:
Base
K b
Dimethylamine
5.4 × 10–4
Urea
1.3 × 10–14
Pyridine
1.77 × 10–9
Ammonia
1.77 × 10–5
Arrange the bases in decreasing order of the extent of their ionisation at equilibrium. Which of the above base is the strongest?
Ionisation constant of a weak base MOH, is given by the expression
kb=
Values of ionisation constant of some weak bases at a particular temperature are given below:
|
Base |
K b |
|
Dimethylamine |
5.4 × 10–4 |
|
Urea |
1.3 × 10–14 |
|
Pyridine |
1.77 × 10–9 |
|
Ammonia |
1.77 × 10–5 |
Arrange the bases in decreasing order of the extent of their ionisation at equilibrium. Which of the above base is the strongest?
This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: Higher the value of Kb stronger will be the base.
Kb- 5.4 * 10-4 >1.77 * 10-5 > 1.77 * 10-9> 1.3 * 10-14
Decreasing order of basic strength.
Dimethylamine > Ammonia > Pyri
Upvote BF3 does not have proton but still acts as an acid and reacts with NH3. Why is it so? What type of bond is formed between the two?
BF3 does not have proton but still acts as an acid and reacts with NH3. Why is it so? What type of bond is formed between the two?
This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: BF3 does not have a proton but still it acts as a Lewis acid as it is an electron pair acceptor and reacts with NH3by accepting its lone pair of electrons. The reaction can be represented by Coordinate bond is formed between B
Upvote The aqueous solution of sugar does not conduct electricity. However, when sodium chloride is added to water, it conducts electricity. How will you explain this statement on the basis of ionisation and how is it affected by concentration of sodium chloride?
The aqueous solution of sugar does not conduct electricity. However, when sodium chloride is added to water, it conducts electricity. How will you explain this statement on the basis of ionisation and how is it affected by concentration of sodium chloride?
This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: Conductance of a solution depends upon the number of ions present in the solution since sodium chloride is an ionic compound when mixed in water it ionizes completely forming an aqueous electrolytic solution. Hence, the soluti
Upvote The ionisation of hydrochloric in water is given below:
HCl(aq) + H2O (l ) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + Cl– (aq)
Label two conjugate acid-base pairs in this ionization.
The ionisation of hydrochloric in water is given below:
HCl(aq) + H2O (l ) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + Cl– (aq)
Label two conjugate acid-base pairs in this ionization.
This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: Conjugate acid and conjugate base can be shown as-
HCl(aq) + H2O (l) ? H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
acid base conjugate conjugate
Upvote Write a relation between ∆G and Q and define the meaning of each term and answer the following :
(a) Why a reaction proceeds forward when Q < K and no net reaction occurs when Q = K.
(b) Explain the effect of increase in pressure in terms of reaction quotient Q. for the reaction :
CO (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ CH4 (g) + H2O (g)
Write a relation between ∆G and Q and define the meaning of each term and answer the following :
(a) Why a reaction proceeds forward when Q < K and no net reaction occurs when Q = K.
(b) Explain the effect of increase in pressure in terms of reaction quotient Q. for the reaction :
CO (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ CH4 (g) + H2O (g)
This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: (a) As we know,
ΔG= ?G? +RTlnQ
?G? = Change in free energy as the reaction proceeds,
ΔG = Standard free energy change,
Q = Reaction quotient,
R = Gas constant,
T = Absolute temperature.
Since,
Upvote A sparingly soluble salt having general formula Ap+x Bq- y and molar solubility S is in equilibrium with its saturated solution. Derive a relationship between the solubility and solubility product for such salt.
A sparingly soluble salt having general formula Ap+x Bq- y and molar solubility S is in equilibrium with its saturated solution. Derive a relationship between the solubility and solubility product for such salt.
This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: The equation can be written as-
Ap+x + Bq- y ? xAp+ (aq) + yBq-
S moles of A and B dissolves to give x S moles of Ap+ and y S moles of Bq-.
Ksp = [Ap+]x [Bq-]y = [x5]x [y5]y
= xx y y 5 x+y
Upvote On the basis of Le Chatelier principle explain how temperature and pressure can be adjusted to increase the yield of ammonia in the following reaction.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) ∆H = – 92.38 kJ mol–1
What will be the effect of addition of argon to the above reaction mixture at constant volume?
On the basis of Le Chatelier principle explain how temperature and pressure can be adjusted to increase the yield of ammonia in the following reaction.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) ∆H = – 92.38 kJ mol–1
What will be the effect of addition of argon to the above reaction mixture at constant volume?
This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: According to Le Chatelier's principle, when we raise the temperature, it shifts the equilibrium to left and decreases the equilibrium concentration of ammonia since it is an exothermic reaction. In other words, low temperature
Upvote How can you predict the following stages of a reaction by comparing the value of Kc and Qc ?
(i) Net reaction proceeds in the forward direction
(ii) Net reaction proceeds in the backward direction.
(iii) No net reaction occurs.
How can you predict the following stages of a reaction by comparing the value of Kc and Qc ?
(i) Net reaction proceeds in the forward direction
(ii) Net reaction proceeds in the backward direction.
(iii) No net reaction occurs.
This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: The values of Kc and Qc are itself sufficient to explain the direction of reaction and less than or greater than one another decides the direction in which reaction will proceed as follows-
(i) As Qc < Kc, the reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
(ii) If Qc > Kc, the react
Upvote 7.93. (i) Define Le Chatelier’s principle.
(ii) Following reactions occur in a Blast furnace.
Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) ———–>2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)
Use Le Chatelier’s principle to predict the direction of reaction when equilibrium mixture is disturbed by
(a) adding Fe2O3 (b) removing CO2.
(c) removing CO.
7.93. (i) Define Le Chatelier’s principle.
(ii) Following reactions occur in a Blast furnace.
Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) ———–>2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)
Use Le Chatelier’s principle to predict the direction of reaction when equilibrium mixture is disturbed by
(a) adding Fe2O3 (b) removing CO2.
(c) removing CO.
(i) Le Chatelier's principle states that the change in any factor such as temperature, pressure, concentration, etc. will cause the equilibrium to shift in such a direction so as to reduce or counteract the effect of the change.
(ii) (a) On adding Fe2O3 (s), the equilibrium will remain unaffected.
Upvote