Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 11th

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Payal Gupta

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1.48. 

Molarity

Molality

The molarity of a given solution is defined as the total number of moles of solute per litre of solution.

Molality is defined as the total moles of a solute contained in a kilogram of a solvent.

The mathematical expression is-

M = number of moles of the solute /Volume of solution given in terms of litres.

M = (g ? 1000)/(W ? V).

The mathematical expression is-

m = Numbers of moles of solute/Mass of solvent in kgs

m = (g ? 1000)/(W ? m).

Depends on the volume of the whole solution.

Depends on the mass of the solvent.

Unit sign expressed as (M).

Unit sign expressed as (m).

Molarity has a unit of mol/litre.

Molality has units of mol/kg.

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Payal Gupta

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1.47. These rules for determining the number of significant figures are stated below:

(1) All non-zero digits are significant. For example, in 285 cm, there are three significant figures and in 0.25 mL, there are two significant figures.

(2) Zeros preceding to first non-zero digit are not significant. Such zero indicates the position of decimal point. Thus, 0.03 has one significant figure and 0.0052 has two significant figures.

(3) Zeros between two non-zero digits are significant. Thus, 2.005 has four significant figures.

(4) Zeros at the end or right of a number are significant, provided they are on the right side of the decimal po

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1.46.  (c) both a and b

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Payal Gupta

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1.45.  (d) 36 g of water

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

1 mol of CH4 reacts with 1 mol O2 of to produce 2 moles of H2O

It means that 16g of CH4 reacts with oxygen to produce (2x18)= 36g of water

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Payal Gupta

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1.44.  (b) Candela

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Payal Gupta

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1.43. (c) The mass of 1 mole of C-12 atoms = 12 g

1 mole of C- atoms = 6.022 * 1023 atoms

The mass of 1 atom of C-12 = 12 / (6.022 * 1023)

= 1.99 * 10–23 g

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Payal Gupta

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1.42.  (d) all the above

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Payal Gupta

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1.41.  (b) Both the statements are correct but the second statement is not the actual reason for the first statement.

Many a times, reactions are carried out with the amounts of reactants that are different than the amounts as required by a balanced chemical reaction. In such situations, one reactant is in more amount than the amount required by balanced chemical reaction.

The reactant which is present in the least amount gets consumed after sometime and after that further reaction does not take place whatever be the amount of the other reactant. Hence, the reactant, which gets consumed first, limits the amount of product formed and

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Payal Gupta

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1.40.  (d) Volume is the amount of space occupied by a substance. It has the units of (length)3. In SI system, volume has units of m3. Smaller volumes are denoted in cm3 or dm3 units. A common unit, litre (L) which is not an SI unit, is used for measurement of volume of liquids.

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