Solid State
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1.25 Define the term 'amorphous'. Give a few examples of amorphous solids
1.25 Define the term 'amorphous'. Give a few examples of amorphous solids
1.25 Amorphous solids have short-range order with irregular shapes of constituent particles. They have isotropic nature and melt over a range of temperatures. They do not have a definite enthalpy of fusion. Examples of amorphous solids are glass, rubber, plastic, etc.
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1.24 What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic. Justify your answer.
1.24 What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic. Justify your answer.
1.24 Ferromagnetic substances would make better permanent magnets because when the ferromagnetic substance is placed in a magnetic field, all domains get oriented in the direction of magnetic field and strong a magnetic effect is produced.
Upvote 1.23 A group 14 element is to be converted into n-type semiconductor by doping it with a suitable impurity. To which group should this impurity belong?
1.23 A group 14 element is to be converted into n-type semiconductor by doping it with a suitable impurity. To which group should this impurity belong?
1.23 An n-type semiconductor conducts because of the presence of extra electrons. Therefore, a group 14 element can be converted to n-type semiconductor by doping it with a group 15 element.
Upvote 1.22 Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. Explain with the help of a suitable example
1.22 Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. Explain with the help of a suitable example
1.22 The colour develops because of the presence of electrons in the anionic sites. These electrons absorb energy from the visible part of radiation and get excited. For example, when crystals of NaCl are heated in an atmosphere of sodium vapours, the sodium atoms get deposited on the surface of the
Upvote 1.21 Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
1.21 Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
1.21 Two or more cations of lower valency are replaced by a cation of higher valency to maintain electrical neutrality. Hence some cation vacancies are created. For example : In an ionic solid 'NaCl', is impurity of Sr2+ is added (as SrCl2) then two Na+ ions left thus lattice sited. To maintain elec
Upvote 1.20 What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by: (i) ZnS (ii) AgBr
1.20 What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by: (i) ZnS (ii) AgBr
1.20 ZnS shows Frenkel Defect.
AgBr shows Frenkel Defect and Schottky Defect. Frenkel Defect: It is a kind of defect in crystalline solids in which atoms are displaced from their lattice position
to interstitial site creating vacancy at the lattice point. It usually occurs in ionic solid with la
Upvote 1.19 What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated? Which physical property is affected by it and in what way?
1.19 What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated? Which physical property is affected by it and in what way?
1.19 When a solid is heated, vacancy defect can arise. A solid crystal is said to have vacancy defect when some of the lattice sites are vacant. Vacancydefect leads to a decrease in the density of the solid.
Upvote 1.18 An element with molar mass 2.7×10-2 kg mol-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. If its density is 2.7×103 kg m-3, what is the nature of the cubic unit cell?
1.18 An element with molar mass 2.7×10-2 kg mol-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. If its density is 2.7×103 kg m-3, what is the nature of the cubic unit cell?
1.18 Molar mass of the element = 2.7*10-2 kg mol-1
Edge length, a = 405 pm
Density, d = 2.7*103 kg m-3
Using the formula, d=? *? / ? 3NA
Putting the values given at their appropriate place, we get
(2.7 X 103 )X (405 X 10-12)3 X 6.022 X 10 / 2.7*10-2 = 3.99 which is approximately equal to 4
Therefore
Upvote 1.17 Which of the following lattices has the highest packing efficiency (i) simple cubic (ii) body-centered cubic and (iii) hexagonal close-packed lattice?
1.17 Which of the following lattices has the highest packing efficiency (i) simple cubic (ii) body-centered cubic and (iii) hexagonal close-packed lattice?
1.17 Hexagonal close-packed lattice has the highest packing efficiency of 74%. The packing efficiencies of simple cubic and body-centered cubic lattices are 52.4% and 68% respectively
Upvote 1.16 A compound is formed by two elements M and N. The element N forms ccp and atoms of M occupy 1/3rd of tetrahedral voids. What is the formula of the compound?
1.16 A compound is formed by two elements M and N. The element N forms ccp and atoms of M occupy 1/3rd of tetrahedral voids. What is the formula of the compound?
1.16 The atoms of element M occupy 1/3rd of the tetrahedral voids.
Therefore, the number of atoms of M is equal to 2 1/3 = 2/3rd of the number of atoms of N. Therefore, ratio of the number of atoms of M to that of N is M : N = (2/3):1 = 2:3 Thus, the formula of the compound is M2N3.
ccp= fcc = 6 * 1/2
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