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3 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

For the given reactions

Sn²+ 2e^- ® Sn

Sn⁴ + 4e^- ® Sn

The electrode potentials are ; $E_{S n^{2 +} / S n}^{o}$ = -0.140V and $E_{S n^{4 +} / S n}^{o} = 0.010 V .$ The magnitude of standard electrode potential for Sn⁴⁺ / Sn²⁺ i.e. $E_{S n^{4 +} / S n^{2 +}}^{o}$ is ___________ * 10^-2 V. (Nearest integer)

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

$E_{S n^{2 +} / S n}^{0} = - 0.140 V = E_{2}^{0}$

$E_{S n^{4 +} / S n}^{0} = + 0.010 V = E_{3}^{0}$

Here, $Δ G_{3}^{0} = Δ G_{1}^{0} + Δ G_{2}^{0}$

$- 4 F E_{3}^{0} = - 2 F E_{1}^{0} - 2 F E_{2}^{0}$

$E_{3}^{0} = \frac{E_{1}^{0} + E_{2}^{0}}{2}$

$+ 0.010 = \frac{E_{1}^{0} + (- 0.140)}{2}$

$E_{1}^{0} = E_{S n^{4 +} / S n^{2 +}}^{0} = + 0.16$

= 16 * 10^-2 V

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New answer posted

3 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

The cell potential for the given cell at 298 K

$_{}^{}^{}$ $P t | H_{2} (g, 1 b a r) | H^{+} (a q) | | C u^{2 +} (a q) | C u (s) i s 0.31 V .$ The pH of the acidic solution is found to be 3, whereas the concentration of Cu2+ is 10x M. The value of x is________.

(Given : $E_{C u^{2 +} / C u}^{Θ} = 0.34 V a n d \frac{2.303 R T}{F} = 0.06 V)$ $_{^{}}^{} \frac{}{}$

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Vishal Baghel

Contributor-Level 10

H₂ (g) + Cu²⁺ (aq) $\overset{}{\to}$ 2H⁺ (aq) + Cu (s)

$∴ E_{c e l l} = E_{c e l l}^{0} - \frac{2.303 R T}{n f} l o g Q$

0.31 = 0.34 - $\frac{0.06}{2} l o g \frac{[H^{+}]}{C u^{2 +}}$

$[C u^{2 +}] = 1 0^{- 7} (? [H^{+}] = 1 0^{- 3})$

x = 7

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New answer posted

3 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

A flask is filled with equal moles of A and B. The half lives of A and B are 100s and 50s respectively and are independent of the initial concentration. The time required for the concentration of A to be four times that of B is ______________s.

(Given : In 2 = 0.693)

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Payal Gupta

Contributor-Level 10

Process is based upon simultaneous disintegration hence,

$\frac{0.693}{100} * t = 2.303 l o g_{10} \frac{A_{0}}{A_{t}}$ ………….(i)

and $\frac{0.693}{50} * t = 2.303 l o g_{10} \frac{B_{0}}{B_{t}}$ ………….(ii)

from equation (i) and (ii)

$0.693 t [\frac{1}{50} - \frac{1}{100}] = [l o g \frac{B_{0}}{B_{t}} - l o g \frac{A_{0}}{A_{t}}] * 2.303$

Here; A0 = B0 and $A_{t} = 4 * B_{t}$

Therefore $0.693 t [\frac{1}{100}] = 2.303 [l o g (\frac{B_{0}}{B_{t}} * \frac{A_{t}}{A_{0}})]$

$∴ t = \frac{2.303 * 0.3010 * 2 * 100}{693} = 200 s$

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New answer posted

3 months ago

Solid State Chemistry NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 12th Chapter Two

If the work function of a metal is 6.63 * 10^-¹⁹J, the maximum wavelength of the photon required to remove a photoelectron from the metal is _______nm. (Nearest integer)

[Given h = 6.63 * 10^-³⁴ Js, and c = 3 * 10⁸ ms^-¹]

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Payal Gupta

Contributor-Level 10

Work function, $?_{0} = 6.63 * 1 0^{- 19} J$

Threshold wavelength $λ_{0} = ?$

Using ; $?_{0} = \frac{h c}{λ_{0}}$

$λ_{0} = \frac{h c}{?_{0}}$

= 300 * 109 m = 300 nm

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New answer posted

4 months ago

Solid State Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 12th

1.38 Copper crystallises into a fcc lattice with edge length 3.61 * 10^–8 cm. Show that the calculated density is in agreement with its measured value of 8.92 g cm^–3.

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

1.38 Kindly consider the following

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New answer posted

5 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

17. Which of the following is an amorphous solid?

(i) Graphite (C)

(ii) Quartz glass (SiO₂)

(iii) Chrome alum

(iv) Silicon carbide (SiC)

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Payal Gupta

Contributor-Level 10

17. Option (ii) Quartz glass (SiO₂) is correct since quartz glass (SiO₂)is amorphous in nature as there is no long range ordered arrangement of the constituent particles being present in it and hence it is an amorphous solid.

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New answer posted

6 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

1.50 Explain the following with suitable examples: (i) Ferromagnetism (ii) Paramagnetism (iii) Ferrimagnetism (iv) Antiferromagnetism (v) 12-16 and 13-15 group compounds.

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

Ferromagnetism: The substances that are strongly attracted by a magnetic field are called ferromagnetic substances can be permanently magnetised even in the absence of a magnetic field. Some examples of ferromagnetic substances are iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, and CrO₂. In solid state, the metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions called domains and each domain acts as a tiny magnet. In an un-magnetised piece of a ferromagnetic substance, the domains are randomly-oriented and so, their magnetic moments get cancelled. However, when the substance is placed in a magnetic field, all the domains get

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Paramagnetism: The substances that are attracted by a magnetic field are called paramagnetic substances. Some examples of paramagnetic substances are O₂, Cu^2t, Fe^3t, and Cr^3t. Paramagnetic substances get magnetised in a magnetic field in the same direction, but lose magnetism when the magnetic field is removed. To undergo paramagnetism, a substance must have one or more unpaired electrons. This is because the unpaired electrons are attracted by a magnetic field, thereby causing paramagnetism.

Ferrimagnetism: The substances in which the magnetic moments of the domains are aligned in parallel and anti-parallel directions, in unequal numbers, are said to have Examples include Fe₃O₄ (magnetite), ferrites such as MgFe₂O₄ and ZnFe₂O_4.Ferrimagnetic substances are weakly attracted by a magnetic field as compared to ferromagnetic substances. On heating, these substances become paramagnetic.

Antiferromagnetism: Antiferromagnetic substances have domain structures similar to ferromagnetic substances, but are oppositely-oriented. The oppositely-oriented domains cancel out each other's magnetic

12-16 and 13-15 group compounds: The 12-16 group compounds are prepared by combining group 12 and group 16 elements and the 13-15 group compounds are prepared by combining group 13 and group15 elements. These compounds are prepared to stimulate average valence of four as in Ge or Si. Indium (III) antimonide (IrSb), aluminum phosphide (AlP), and gallium arsenide (GaAS) are typical compounds of groups 13-15. GaAs semiconductors have a very fast response time and have revolutionised the designing of semiconductor devices. Examples of group 12-16 compounds include zinc sulphide (ZnS), cadmium sulphide (CdS), cadmium selenide (CdSe), and mercury (II) telluride (HgTe). The bonds in these compounds are not perfectly covalent. The ionic character of the bonds depends on the electronegativities of the two elements.

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New answer posted

6 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

1.49 If NaCl is doped with 10^–3 mol % of SrCl2, what is the concentration of cation vacancies?

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

1.49 NaCl is doped with 10⁻³ mol % of SrCl₂

100 moles of NaCl are doped with 0.001 moles of SrCl₂

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New answer posted

6 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

1.48 Aluminium crystallises in a cubic close-packed structure. Its metallic radius is 125 pm. (i) What is the length of the side of the unit cell? (ii) How many unit cells are there in 1.00 cm^3 of aluminium?

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

1.48 It is given that aluminum crystallises in a cubic closed packed structure.
Its metallic radius is 125 pm.

For cubic close-packed structure

a=2√2r=2√2*125=354 pm

Here, a is the edge length of the unit cell and r is the atomic radius.

(ii) Volume of one unit cell = a³ =(354 pm)³=4.4*10⁻²³cm³(1 pm=10⁻¹⁰cm)

Number of unit cells in 1.00cm³= 1.00 cm³ / 4.4*10^-23 cm³

= 2.27*10²²

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New answer posted

6 months ago

Solid State Class 12th

1.47 Explain the following terms with suitable examples: (i) Schottky defect (ii) Frenkel defect (iii) Interstitials and (iv) F-centres

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alok kumar singh

Contributor-Level 10

Schottky defect: Schottky defect is basically a vacancy defect shown by ionic solids. In this defect, an equal number of cations and anions are missing to maintain electrical neutrality. It decreases the density of a substance. Significant number of Schottky defects is present in ionic solids. For example, in NaCl, there are approximately 106 Schottky pairs per cm3 at room temperature. Ionic substances containing similar-sized cations and anions show this type of defect. For example: NaCl, KCl, CsCl, AgBr, etc.
Frenkel defect: Ionic solids containing large differences in the sizes of ions show this type of defect. When the smaller ion (

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