Chemistry Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Hybridisation of carbon a, b, and c respectively are sp³, sp² and sp².

A central atom having two lone pairs and three bond pairs reflects sp³d hybridization and a corresponding T-shaped geometry.

As you know, electrovalent bonds result very strong electrostatic attraction force. All the factors that help maximize this electrostatic attraction are important for the formation of the ionic bond. Here are the important factors;

• Low ionization energy Metal
• High electron affinity Non Metal
• Large-sized cations
• Small-sized anions
• Electronegativity equal to or greater than 1.7

Covalent and electrovalent bonding are the two major chemical bonding processes. These two bonds are different from each other in multiple aspects. Check the table below to know a concise summary of the differences.

With decrease in inter-nuclear distance, the potential energy of the system decreases, reaches a minimum value and then sharply increases due to rise in inter-electronic as well as inter-nuclear repulsions

XeF? + SbF? → [XeF? ]? [SbF? ]?

In [Ni (CN)? ]²? hybridization is dsp² remaining are SP³d²