Chemistry

Process of active methylene group  acidic strength and the side chain should be e^- withdrawing.

  $r=r_0\frac{n^2}{Z}$

As Z increases, r₀ decreases

Hence upon increasing Z, nuclear distance of node decreases.

  $\Delta H_{eg}\left(M\right)=IE\left(M^{-}\right)$  

$M+e^{-}\underset{IE}{\overset{\Delta H_{eg}}{?}}{M}^{-}$            

Since sulphar has most -ve electron gain enthalpy hence S^- will have the highest IE.

Neighboring group participation by a sulphide involved.

There are various types of enzymes, including lyases, ligases, isomerases, hydrolases, oxidoreductases, etc. To know about the types of enzymes in detail, refer to the article.

Enzymes found in human bodies are 

• Lipases: They remove the fats in the gut.

• Amylase: It is present in the saliva. The role of amylase is to break down carbohydrates.

• Maltase: These enzymes are found in the small intestine. It breaks down the sugar maltose into glucose. 

• Trypsin: These enzymes are present in the small intestine. The function of trypsin is to break proteins into amino acids.

• Lactase: The function of lactase is to break down lactose into simpler sugars (glucose and galactose). Lactose is the sugar that is found in dairy products.

We can define enzymes as biocatalysts. It is important in biological processes like digestion, metabolism, and the synthesis of cellular components. If enzymes stop their functions, then the body can not generate enough proteins, which is important for survival. The examples of enzymes are lactase and amylase.

Biomolecules in class 12 Chemistry include the following important topics: classification and structure of carbohydrates, amino acids, and proteins, enzymes and their characteristics, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA structure and components), and vitamins.

You must also prepare the following topics that are frequently asked in exams: zwitterion structure in amino acids, enzyme action mechanisms, and differences between DNA and RNA.

Biomolecules are organic compounds essential for life; they are found in all living organisms. In chemistry class 12, we talked about the following biomolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins. 

Biomolecules chemistry class 12 connects biology and chemistry and helps us understand metabolism, heredity, and biochemical reactions.