Amines

1- When 3-methylaniline treated with NaNO₂ + HCl it gets converted into chlorine complex.

When that complex reacted with HBF₄ It gets converted into Barium Fluoride complex. This complex reacts with NaNO₂ in presence of copper to give 3-Nitrotoluene.

When aniline reacts with Br₂ water it gets converted into 2,4,6 tribromobenzamine. When this further reacted with NaNO₂/HCl it forms Chloride complex. This complex forms 1,3,5 tribromobenzene after treating with H₃PO₂ in presence of water.

The different isomers of the molecular formula: C₃H₉N are given in the table. However only 1° amines will liberate nitrogen gas on the treatment with h=the nitrous acid are given as follows:

Note: Only primary amines liberate nitrogen gas on treatment with nitrous acid.

When aniline is treated with benzoyl chloride in the presence of base it gets converted into N-Phenylbenzamide.

On excessive alkylation with methyl iodide aniline gets converted into N, N-Trimethylanilinium iodide. After reacting it with sodium carbonate it get converted into N, N-Trimethylanilinium carbonate.

(i) CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂ + HCl → CH₃CH₂CH₂N⁺H₃Cl^-

The final product is (N-propyl ammonium chloride.)

(ii) (C₂H₅)₃N + HCl → (C₂H₅)₃N⁺HCl^-

The final product is (Tri ethyl ammonium chloride)

Benzene into aniline

When Benzene is treated with HNO₃/H₂SO₄ it forms nitrobenzene. When Nitrobenzene reduced with Sn/HCL it forms Aniline because Sn/HCl is a reducing Mixture.

When Benzene is reacted with nitrating mixture it forms nitrobenzene. When it Reduced H₂/Pd in ethanol or Sn/HCl, it forms Aniline. When Aniline reacts 2 times with CH₃Cl It forms N, N- dimethylaniline.

When 1,4-dichlorobutane reacts with NaCN it forms Di cyanide compound, After Hydrogenation it forms the Hexane 1,6-Diamine.

(i) & (ii) There are total 8 geometrical isomers of the given compound.

(iii) a) Pairs 1,2,6,7 Exhibit Position isomerism; means the change in position of the substituent.

b) Pairs 1,3 and 1,4 and 2,3 and 2,4 exhibit chain isomerism i.e. in this type of isomerism the different structures can be produced by changing the chain of the

c) Pairs 5,6 and 5,7 exhibit metamerism; e. different group on either side of the central atom.

d) All Primary amines exhibit functional isomers. All secondary amines share functional isomerism and same for The functional isomerism means same functional group.

(ii) Tertiary, because the Nitrogen atom is attached to the 3 carbon atoms.
(iii) Primary, because the nitrogen atom is attached to the only 1 carbon atom.
(iv) Secondary, because the nitrogen atom is attached to the only 1 carbon.