Ph.D

As a student doing PhD from Punjab University, you can take distance B.Ed from several open institutes in India. Various Indian universities offer B.Ed programmes in distance mode including, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), Nalanda Open University, and Tamil Nadu Open University (TNOU), among others. To be qualified, you will mostly be required to have a graduation degree, which is something you already possess. Specific requirements are set forth by the university. The detailed admission process, eligibility criteria, and deadline to apply for B.Ed in distance mode should be checked on the official websites of these universities.

Attaining the B.S-M.S programme of IISER will turn out to be quite effective for carrying an astronomy-related career, primarily provided followed by doing a PhD in a similar programs. For doing a sound education consisting of theoretical principles at high intensity along with experimental research inputs on the platform is required if advancing into study with astrophysics-related domains. The students graduating from IISER tend to continue in Ph.D. programs, not only in India but also abroad. Strong research foundations and networking help them do this. So, most alumni find positions as research scientists, academics, or industry professionals associated with physics and astronomy-related sectors.

The choice of going to IITs and IIMs would depend on the type of goals and focus area your research is targeting to go for a Ph.D. in Economics:

1. IITs- Indian Institutes of Technology They mainly have technical and engineering-centric disciplines but also strong, high-quality Ph.D. programs in Economics, especially under the Humanities and Social Sciences departments. IITs like IIT Bombay and IIT Delhi are interdisciplinary, bringing together economics in combination with quantitative techniques and computational ones. With an interest in applied economics, a focus of econometrics, or data analysis work, IITs provide all that with the research-intensive environment, with technology being an added impetus supported by innovation Institutes of Management): IIMs like IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore, and IIM Calcutta will have specialised Ph.D.s in Economics, which include departments for economics and business policy. 

The position of Head of Department (HoD) or Associate Professor in universities like UPES School of Design can be held without a PhD under certain exceptional cases mentioned below:

Exceptions of UGC Guidelines: UCG guidelines permit those with experience in the relevant field and having given so much to the discipline to also become faculty as it is not mandatory for them to have a PhD. This holds more ground in professional or design disciplines, where experience is more precious than qualification.

A legacy appointment was made before these rules came into effect-based requirement for the Ph.D. stipulated by the UGC effective July 2023.

Qualification Equivalence for Design Disciplines: In several creative and applied sectors such as design, institutions will award qualifications such as a master's and a wealth of professional experience the place a candidate may hold, having undergone evaluation on eligibility for such reference standings.

Institution Autonomy: UPES being a private university under Indian laws, enjoys certain autonomy with regard to recruitment. The university is expected to follow UGC norms but is very flexible in recruiting a high-profile industry professional as faculty, which is what design education normally relies on.

If you seek clarification on certain cases, UPES is available for contact or you could look up faculty recruitment policies and profiles to understand what guidelines are invoked during the recruitment of faculty of the School of Design.

As per the decree of the University Grants Commission (UGC), starting July 2023, possessing a Ph.D. is mandatory to hold an appointment in Assistant Professor capacity in any Indian University.

Subscribing to UGC guidelines, UPES has its own set of faculty recruitment policies. For example, one of the recruitment notifications at UPES that are released recently for the Professor position reads: "the candidate must possess a Ph.D. in the concerned domain with an excellent academic track, covering research work and publications".

UPES does not publish details regarding the qualifications of all current faculty members, but the university claims that it follows UGC norms while recruiting them. To get the most authentic and the latest information, it is best to contact UPES directly or visit the university's website.