Ph.D

The PhD salary in India, often called a "stipend", varies for a JRF and an SRF. A PhD scholar in India spends the first two years as a JRF and the remaining three years as an SRF; the monthly stipends for each position are INR 37,000 and INR 42,000, respectively.  

However, after completing a PhD, a PhD salary for the PhD scholar may range from INR 4 Lacs to 15 Lacs a year (average amount). 

A PhD registration certificate is a document that certifies that a student is registered for a PhD programme at the mentioned university, college, industry, or research institution. Typically, the PhD registration certificate contains details of the student and the certificate-issuing body, such as the name of the certificate-issuing body and the student, registration number, registration date, name of the PhD supervisor, subject, etc.  

The work required in a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) typically involves:

1. Conducting original research in a specific field
2. Writing and defending a dissertation
3. Taking advanced coursework
4. Developing expertise in research methods
5. Contributing new knowledge to the field/subject
6. Working closely with academic advisors
7. Potentially teaching or assisting with classes

The specifics in each case can vary by discipline and institution.

A PhD fellowship is a financial award given to doctoral students to support their research and studies. It typically covers tuition fees and provides a stipend for living expenses, allowing students to focus on their academic work without significant financial burden.

A PhD thesis, also known as a doctoral dissertation, is a substantial and original piece of academic research conducted by a doctoral candidate as the culmination of their PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) program.

A PhD synopsis is a brief document outlining a proposed doctoral research project. It typically includes the research question, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes. The synopsis serves as a concise overview of the planned dissertation for review by academic committees.

Yes, one can be exempted from having a master's degree for getting admission to PhD abroad only in special cases. To be exempt from having a master's degree, one must have pursued a bachelor's degree of 4 years or more. However, this may vary according to the university you are applying to. So, it is advised to ask your university supervisors for confirmation.

The best country for a PhD may be chosen on the basis of  subjects and the individual interests of the students. For this reason, the USA and Germany are considered one of the best countries to pursue a PhD.