Ncert Solutions Chemistry Class 11th

For spontaneous process   $\Delta G<0$

For Isobaric process;    $\Delta P=0$

For Isothermal process;    $\Delta T=0$

$\Delta H$ reaction =  ${\displaystyle \sum _{}^{}B.E_{\left(R\right)}.-{{\displaystyle \sum _{}^{}B.E.}}_{\left(P\right)}}$

  $\mathrm{}{\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N}}^{-}\Rightarrow 14$ electrons, so $\mathrm{B}.\mathrm{O}=3$ and diamagnetic.

$\mathrm{}{V}_{rms}>V_{av}>V_{mp}$

$\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}>\mathrm{F}$   (exception)

$\mathrm{S}>$ Se (size effect)

$\mathrm{L}\mathrm{i}>\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a}$   (size effect)

Photochemical smog generally does not content SO₂ gas.

$B{r}_2+5F_2\left(excess\right)\to 2Br{F}_5$

$Br{F}_5+3H_{2}O\to HBr{O}_3+5HF$

$2B{F}_3+6NaH\to B_2{H}_6+6NaF$

$B_2{H}_6+2\ddot{N}{\left(Me\right)}_3\to 2H_{3}B\leftarrow :N{\left(Me\right)}_3$

Density of metal a very specific and depends upon many factors.

Li -> 0.53 gm/cm³

Na -> 0.97 gm/cm³

K -> 0.86 gm/cm³

Rb ->1.53 gm/cm³

Cs -> 1.90 gm/cm³

(A) Sulphate (>500 ppm) ® causes laxative effect that leads to dehydration.

(B) Nitrate (> 50 ppm) ® causes methemoglobinemia, skin appears blue.

(C) Lead (>50 ppb) ® It damage kidney and RBC.

(D) Fluoride (>2ppm) ® It causes brown mottling of teeth.

Be₂Cl₄ is Lewis acid and Al₂Cl₆ has complete octet. Be and Al are amphoteric metal therefore dissolve in acid as well as alkaline solution and form beryllate and aluminate ions in excess alkali.