P Block Elements

$C\mathcal{l}{F}_3$ ->T-shaped (sp³d)

IF₇ ->Pentagonal bipyramidal (sp³d³)

BrF₅ -> Square pyramidal (sp³d²)

BrF₃ ->T-Shaped (sp³d)

I₂Cl₆ -> Triangular bipyramidal (sp³d)

$I{F}_5\to$  Square Pyramidal (sp³d²)

ClF -> (sp³)

ClF₅ -> Square Pyramidal (sp³d²)

Br₅, IF₅ & ClF₅ ® Square Pyramidal

Reducing power for group-15 hydrides increases down the group, so BiH₃ is the strongest reducing agent.

High leaving tendency corresponds to high reactivity towards hydrolysis. Hence order is.

Anhydride of HNO₃ produced by the treatment of P₄O₁₀ (anhydring reagent) in ratio of 4 : 1 is N₂O₅ which is acidic in nature. $4HN{O}_3+P_4{O}_{10}\to \underset{Acidicnature}{\underset{?}{2N_2{O}_5}}+{\left(HP{O}_3\right)}_4$

$Cl{O}_2^{-},C{l}_2,M{n}^{3+}$ can show disproportionation reaction while $Mn{O}_4^{-}$ cannot show disproportionation reaction is Mn is in +7 oxidation state.

Na/H₂ can not reduce a functional group as Na does not behaves as catalyst here.

Stability order of oxides (X₂O) is,

l₂O > Cl₂O > Br₂O

Bonds of halogen & oxygen are covalent due to less EN difference.

Stability of (I - O) bond is higher due to less polarity and that of (Cl-O) bond is higher due to multiple bonding.

In reaction ;

  $5F{e}^{2+}+Mn{O}_4^{-}+8H^{+}\to M{n}^{2+}+4H_{2}O+5F{e}^{3+}$              

Colour of Fe²⁺ is green and that of Fe³⁺ is yellow.

$I_3^{-}$ anion has three lone pair

BOD is biological oxygen demand which represents the amount of oxygen required to degrade organic matter in water.

Higher the BOD more polluted the water is

So; here water sample with BOD = 3 ppm is the cleanest