How to Become a Judge in India: Process & Eligibility
Becoming a Judge is one of the biggest achievements for all legal professionals. Many Law aspirants in India pursue a Law degree to achieve the goal of becoming judges, but do not know where and how to start. In this article, Shiksha will teach Law aspirants, students, and professionals on how to become judges.
How to become a Judge in India?
Being a Judge is a reputable designation in itself, which enables them to serve the people and society. A judge is the person who listens to both the parties- the accused and the victim. Based on the evidence, law and rules, a decision is announced. Those who aspire to pursue this profession must know the process. To become a judge, aspirants will have to crack the judiciary exam. Each state conducts its own judicial exam.
If you want to become a judge after Class 12, you will have to earn a 5-year LLB or 3-year LLB degree. You can do so by getting direct admission to one of the two law courses or by appearing in one of the top law entrance exams and then getting admission to one of these courses. Many law aspirants have tosit for the CLAT or AILET for admission to the LLB course. To become a Judge in India, candidates will have to go through many stages depending on the level of the judiciary you aspire to join.
Navigate through the page below to understand the eligibility criteria, selection process, and necessary qualifications for the subordinate judiciary (Lower Courts) and the higher judiciary (High Courts and the Supreme Court).
- Lower Judiciary
- Higher Judiciary
- Supreme Court Judges
- Salary of a Judge in India
- Steps to Becoming a Judge in India
Lower Judiciary
The recruitment for lower judiciary is done by the State Public Service Commissions under the supervision of the respective High Courts. Every state conducts its own judicial service examination. As per the recent ruling by the Supreme Court of India, candidates must have 3 years of Law practice before sitting for the Judiciary exams.
Candidates must be citizens of India and possess the Bachelor's degree. The age criteria for each state is different which can be checked through the respective high court's recruitment portal. Aspirants will have to sit for the preliminary examination, passing which enables them to sit for the mains exam and then personal interview will be conducted.
Higher Judiciary
There are two primary pathways to become a Judge of a High Court. One is by practicing law for at least 10 years in the high court and the other is by promotion from subordinate or lower judiciary to higher judiciary.
Supreme Court Judges
The President appoints the judges of Supreme court after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and such other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts as the President may deem necessary. Judges with five to ten years of experience can be recommended to become the Supreme court judge.
Salary of a Judge in India
The judges in India are paid as per the 7th Pay Commission. The salary of Supreme court judges is around 2.5 Lakhs per month. The high court judges can expect the salary from 1.5 Lakhs per month and the lower court judges get around 70 thousand to 1 lakh salary per month. In addition to this, they get the other perks such as vehicle facility, pension, residence, internet, etc.
Steps to Becoming a Judge in India
Follow the steps given below to become a judge in India:
1. Gain knowledge of the law
The steps to becoming a judge are different based on the education level. After completing the 10+2 class, candidates should pursue an LLB course.
2. Get the practical knowledge
The law graduates will then have to practice law with a well-established lawyer or firm to enhance skills and gain exposure. They may pursue internships or apprenticeships at law firms, courts, or legal aid organizations.
3. Sit for the Judiciary exam
Every state conducts their judicial examination and has different set of pattern and syllabus.
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Skills required to become a Judge
- Legal Knowledge
- Analytical and Reasoning Skills
- Communication Skills
- Patience
- Researching skills
- Strong understanding of the Constitution of India
- Knowledge of legal developments
- Active participation in mooting competitions
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All those candidates who have passed the 10+2 examination or an equivalent examination from a recognised board with a minimum percentage of marks as specified by the participating universities are eligible to apper for CLAT 2026. Candidates who will be appearing for Class 12th exam are also allowed to appear for CLAT Exam 2026. In order to pursue LLM, it is important for candidates to have an LL.B. degree or should have completed an equivalent examination from a recognised university with a minimum percentage of marks as specified by the participating universities.