ABHAY
ABHAY ANAND
Manager Editorial
New Delhi, Updated on Oct 19, 2025 11:40 IST

The study by KPMG has reaffirmed consistent leadership of IITs, particularly IIT Madras, which topped “Overall” and “Engineering” categories in NIRF 2024. IIT Delhi, IIT Bombay, IIT Kanpur, and IIT Kharagpur have also maintained their ranking among top five.

India leading higher education institutions continue to evolve, with private universities steadily narrowing the gap with their public counterparts, states a report by KPMG.

The report, titled “Insights from NIRF 2024 Rankings: How Indian Higher Education is Evolving,” highlights shifting balance in research, innovation, and employability outcomes across India’s higher education spectrum.

BITS Pilani Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Ramgopal Rao sharing his opinion on the report writes on X: “shows how NIRF data, when carefully examined, can reveal fascinating trends about the growth and diversification of Indian higher education.” He added that the insights “reflect the growing competitiveness between IITs, state-funded universities, and leading private players.”

IITs Continue to Dominate Major Categories

The study by KPMG has reaffirmed consistent leadership of IITs, particularly IIT Madras, which topped “Overall” and “Engineering” categories in NIRF 2024. IIT Delhi, IIT Bombay, IIT Kanpur, and IIT Kharagpur have also maintained their ranking among top five. The report highlights that together, the top ten engineering institutions contribute over 40 percent of India’s total Scopus-indexed publications, indicating their continued research dominance.

Top Engineering Institutions (NIRF 2024) Overall Score Key Strength
IIT Madras 89.18 Research & Professional Practice
IIT Delhi 87.11 Placement Outcomes
IIT Bombay 85.21 Academic & Employer Perception
IIT Kanpur 82.24 Innovation and Patents
IIT Kharagpur 78.59 Research Citations

Private Universities Strengthening Their Research Profile

KPMG’s analysis points to a notable rise among private universities, especially those with strong multidisciplinary ecosystems. BITS Pilani, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, and VIT Vellore emerged as standout performers, improving their research and faculty metrics significantly between 2021 and 2024.

Leading Private Institutions (Overall Category) 2024 NIRF Rank Research Score (2024) Change (since 2021)
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham  15 34.2 +9.1
BITS Pilani 20

33.5 +7.5

VIT Vellore  22  31.7 +8.3

SRM Institute of Science and Technology 

28 29.6 +6.2
Shiv Nadar University  45  27.8 +5.4

Prof. Rao remarked that “such consistent improvement reflects an intentional focus on research infrastructure, global partnerships, and innovation-driven curricula.” He noted that the gap between IITs and top private universities is “visibly shrinking” as more private campuses invest in faculty development and interdisciplinary research.

IITs vs Private Universities: Growth Trends (2021–2024)

KPMG’s comparison highlights how both groups of institutions (public and private) have evolved in research, employability, and inclusivity scores over past three NIRF Ranking cycles.

Parameter  IITs (Average Score Growth 2021–2024)  Private Universities (Average Score Growth 2021–2024)
Research & Professional Practice  +6.8  +9.6
Graduation Outcomes (Employability)  +7.1  +10.3
Inclusivity & Outreach  +3.9  +5.4
Teaching, Learning & Resources  +4.2  +6.1
Perception  +5.7  +4.3

The data also shows that while IITs maintain upper hand in absolute scores, private institutions have improved faster across nearly every metric of NIRF. Their major gains were seen in employability outcomes and inclusivity, reflecting better student diversity and stronger ties with industry.

Regional Strengths and State Universities’ Performance

Among different regions of India, southern region continues to dominate with 45% of top 100 universities coming from Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Telangana. However, Gujarat and Rajasthan have emerged as new centres of institutional growth, with more universities entering into NIRF top 200.

Among government universities, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), University of Delhi, and Banaras Hindu University (BHU) continue to hold strong positions due to their consistent academic and research output.

 

Top Central and State Universities (2024)  Rank Overall Score
Jawaharlal Nehru University 2 68.3

Banaras Hindu University 

5 64.9
University of Delhi 8 63.1
Anna University 13 58.7

Jadavpur University

19 56.2

Improved Employability and Industry Linkages

KPMG in its analysis found 11 percent improvement in average employability scores between 2021 and 2024, indicating that Indian universities are becoming more industry aligned. IIT Delhi and IIT Bombay lead in placement outcomes, while BITS Pilani and Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham have emerged as private-sector leaders in the same metric.

The report attributes this rise to a greater focus on skill-based programs, internships, and innovation ecosystems, which have enhanced students’ job readiness.

Research Output Still Concentrated

Despite these positive trends, research performance remains uneven across higher education landscape in India. The report highlights that the top 50 institutions produce nearly 70 percent of total Scopus indexed publications. This percentage shows that research intensity is concentrated among a small cluster of universities.

KPMG in its report has suggested that to achieve more balanced growth, policy frameworks should encourage collaborative research, greater funding access, and interdisciplinary projects, particularly for state and mid tier private universities.

 

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About the Author
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ABHAY ANAND
Manager Editorial
Abhay, an alumnus of IIMC and Delhi University, is an experienced education journalist with over a decade of reporting across diverse beats. He has extensively covered higher education, competitive exams, policy cha Read Full Bio