Biotechnology

For First year, Semester 1
Topics under Molecular biology:
1 Genome Structure and organisation
Definition and organisation of viral, prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes:
Structure of chromatin, nucleosome, chromatin organisation and remodeling, higher
order organisation- chromosome, centromere, telomere. Histones and their effect on structure and function of chromatin. C value paradox and genome size, Cot curves, repetitive and non-repetitive
DNA sequences, satellite DNA, DNA melting and buoyant density. Gene families, clusters, Pseudogenes, super-families, Organelle genomes
2 Mobile DNA elements
Transposable elements in bacteria, IS elements, composite transposons, replicative and non-replicative transposons, Mu transposition, p-elements, Controlling elements in TnA and Tamil Nadu 10 transposition. SINES and LINES, retrotransposons
3 DNA damage and Repair
Types of DNA damage, DNA repair mechanisms- nucleotide excision repair, base
excision repair, mismatch repair, recombination repair, double strand break repair, transcriptional coupled repair
4 Recombination
Homologous and site-specific recombination, models for homologous
recombination- Holiday junction, NHEJ
Proteins involved in recombination- RecA, RuvA, B, C, Gene conversion
5 DNA Replication and Regulation
DNA polymerases and mechanisms of DNA replication in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes
DNA replication models, connection of replication to cell cycle, Gene amplification (rRNA)
Reverse Transcriptase
6 Gene Expression and Regulation in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Transcription: Basic mechanism in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. RNA Polymerases, pseudo-ORFs
Chromatin remodeling in relation to gene expression, DNase hypersensitivity, DNA
methylation. Regulation of transcription including transcription factors. Post-transcriptional processing and transport of RNA. Non coding RNAs, organisation and structure-function of ribonucleoproteins (Ribonome concept).
7 Protein Synthesis and Regulation
Components of protein synthesis, Mechanism of protein synthesis, Genetic code, codon usage, Regulation of protein synthesis.

Hi. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi was established in 1961. The institute was ranked 1st by NIRF 2020. The course offered is B.Tech. In Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology with 72 seats. The eligibility for admission is JEE and a good score in the 12th board exams. The campus is spread over 325 acres and surrounded by Qutub Minar and Lotus temple. The institute admits 30% of foreign students. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham was established in 1994. It is a private deemed university. There are 6 campuses- Mysore, Kochi, Chennai, Coimbatore, Bangalore, Amritapuri. The NIRF ranking is 20th for Engineering. The courses offered are B.Sc. In Biotechnology, M.Sc. In Biotechnology, and Ph.D. in Biotechnology.
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati was established in 1994. The Institute was ranked 7th for Engineering by NIRF 2020. The campus is spread over 704 acres and is on the northern side of the banks of the Brahmaputra river. The courses offered are B.Tech. In Biosciences and Bioengineering and M.Tech. In Biotechnology. Institute of Chemical Technology was established in 1933. It is a public deemed Institute. The Institute has campuses at Marathwada, Odisha, and Bhubaneswar. The institute is known for the courses offered in Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology, and Pharmacy. The Institute was ranked 15th for Engineering by NIRF 2020.
Vellore Institute Of Technology was established in 1984. It is a private deemed university. The Institute has four campuses- Vellore, Chennai, Amravati, Bhopal. The NIRF ranking is 15th for Engineering. The courses offered are B.Tech. In Biotechnology with 180 seats, M.Sc. In Biotechnology, Integrated M.Sc. In Biotechnology, and M.Tech. In Biotechnology with 30 seats.
Amity Institute of Biotechnology was established in 2005. It is a private University. It was ranked 7th in the list of the top Private Engineering universities by Outlook 2020 and 37th by NIRF 2020. The courses offered are B.Tech. In Biotechnology, M.Sc. In Biotechnology, B.Tech. In Biotechnology 3 Continent and B.Sc. + M.Sc. In Biotechnology (Dual-Degree).
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay was established in 1966. It was ranked 2 for Engineering by NIRF 2020. The course offered is M.Sc. In Biotechnology. SRM Institute of Science and Technology was founded in 1985. It was ranked 3rd for Engineering by Times 2020.