Engineering

The difference between a Polytechnic and a university:
Polytechnics are generally predetermined for engineering courses and are well-equipped for this. If you prefer engineering courses such as electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, electronics engineering, etc., your best bet should be polytechnics. Polytechnics are usually well-equipped for these courses in terms of practice. National Diploma in Polytechnic Graduates can start working with the National Diploma before proceeding to the HND (Higher National Diploma) level. Universities won't be able to do the same until they complete their four- or five-year courses. Polytechnics provide more practical knowledge than universities. At the National Diploma level, you go for the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme and later IT, which gives you more practical exposure. University students only go for information technology, usually at the 300-level. Having enough practical knowledge encourages more Polytechnic graduates to start their own businesses or firms after completing their degree. SEE 11 University or College Courses to Study to Start a Business. I hope this will help you.

Group A posts are superior to Group B posts in ESE, and a Group B officer reports to a Group A officer. CPES (Central Power Engineering Services) group posts: one who joins the post of Assistant Director I or Assistant Executive Engineer (AEE) in the CEA (Central Electricity Authority). They report to Deputy Directors. CPES (Central Power Engineering Services) Group B posts: one who joins the post of Assistant Director II or Assistant Engineer (AE) in CEA. They are inferior in terms of rank to Assistant Director I. If you got your Group B job through ESE, it takes about 4 years to get to Group A. If one has gotten a group B post through SSC RRB or JE exams or any other exam like junior works manager, etc. , then it will take 10 to 15 years to become a group A officer. Salary (as per the 7th pay commission):
Group A posts: Basic pay: INR 56100 (INR 15600 + INR 5400, 6th pay)
Group B posts: Basic pay: INR 47600 ( INR 9300+ INR4800,0 6th pay)
So, if one joins Group B posts through ESE, they will be junior in terms of rank to Group A officers. They will also get a lesser salary as there is a difference in basic pay.

ESE in-hand Salary:
IES officers come under Pay band 10 which has a scale salary of INR 56,100 Per month. Pay Band: INR 56,100
Grade Pay: INR 0
TA: INR 3,200
DA: INR 2% (INR 1122/-)
DA on TA 125%: INR 4000
Gross Pay: 64,200
In-Hand Salary: 55,135 (approximately. )
Entry-level IES officer:
The entry-level salary of an IES Officer as per the 7th Pay Commission is listed below
Basic Salary: INR15600 - INR 39100
Grade Pay: INR 5400
Net Salary: INR 21000
DA (Dearness Allowances): 113% of net salary I. e. 113% of INR 21000 equals INR 23730
HRA: 30% of Net Salary + DA I. e. 30% of INR (21000 + 23730) equals to INR 13419
TA (Transport Allowance): INR 6600 (for type 1 cities)
Gross Salary: INR 64,749 (In addition to the above)
ESE Basic Pay:
The basic pay is the amount that an employee will be entitled to by excluding all allowances and salary deductions. After the appointment, the employee will get INR 21000 as basic pay with grade pay of INR 5400 (Basic Pay INR 15600 + INR 5400 Grade Pay). The level-wise grade pay and pay scale of the UPSC ESE 2023 is listed below. Junior Level: INR 5400 (Grade Pay) and INR 15600 - INR 39100 (Pay Scale)
Senior Level: INR 6600 (Grade Pay) and INR 15600 - INR 39100 (Pay Scale)
Junior Administrative Grade: INR 7600 (Grade Pay) and INR 15600 - INR 39100 (Pay Scale)
Chief Engineer Level 2: INR 8700 (Grade Pay) and INR 37400 - INR 67000 (Pay Scale)
Chief Engineer: INR 8700 (Grade Pay) and INR 37400 - INR 67000 (Pay Scale)
Cabinet Secretary Grade: INR 90,000 (Pay Scale)
I hope this will help you.