The P Block Elements
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Aluminium dissolves in mineral acids and aqueous alkalies and thus shows amphoteric character. A piece of aluminium foil is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution in a test tube and on bringing a burning matchstick near the mouth of the test tube, a pop sound indicates the evolution of hydrogen gas. The same activity when performed with concentrated nitric acid, reaction does not proceed. Explain the reason.
Aluminium dissolves in mineral acids and aqueous alkalies and thus shows amphoteric character. A piece of aluminium foil is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution in a test tube and on bringing a burning matchstick near the mouth of the test tube, a pop sound indicates the evolution of hydrogen gas. The same activity when performed with concentrated nitric acid, reaction does not proceed. Explain the reason.
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The following reaction takes place in the test tube
- i) When Aluminium is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Al + HCl -à AlCl3
ii) When Aluminium is treated with dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
Al + NaOH -
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When BCl3 is treated with water, it hydrolyses and forms [B(OH)4]−only whereas AlCl3 in acidified aqueous solution forms [Al(H20)6]3+
Explain what is the hybridisation of boron and aluminium in these species?
When BCl3 is treated with water, it hydrolyses and forms [B(OH)4]−only whereas AlCl3 in acidified aqueous solution forms [Al(H20)6]3+
Explain what is the hybridisation of boron and aluminium in these species?
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BCl3+3H2O→B (OH)3+3HCl
B (OH)3+2H2O→ [B (OH)4]−+H3O+
B (OH)3 due to its incomplete octet accepts an electron pair (OH)- to give has configucation [B (OH)4]−.
Boron in this ion involves one 2s orbital and three 2p or
Upvote If a trivalent atom replaces a few silicon atoms in three dimensional network of silicon dioxide, what would be the type of charge on overall structure?
If a trivalent atom replaces a few silicon atoms in three dimensional network of silicon dioxide, what would be the type of charge on overall structure?
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When a trivalent atom is added to the crystal of SiO2, it substitutes silicon atoms which result in generation of holes. These holes make the crystal conductor of electricity. The overall Crystal is electrically neutral and is cal
Upvote Carbon and silicon both belong to the group 14, but in spite of the stoichiometric similarity, the dioxides (i.e., carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide) differ in their structures. Comment.
Carbon and silicon both belong to the group 14, but in spite of the stoichiometric similarity, the dioxides (i.e., carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide) differ in their structures. Comment.
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As compared to carbon, silicon is bigger in size and is less electronegative. It shows resistance in forming p−p multiple bonding which is easily done by carbon. Thus, SiO2 is a 3−D network where each silicon is linked covalently
Upvote The +1 oxidation state in group 13 and +2 oxidation state in group 14 becomes more and more stable with increasing atomic number. Explain.
The +1 oxidation state in group 13 and +2 oxidation state in group 14 becomes more and more stable with increasing atomic number. Explain.
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As we move down the group in group 13 and 14 the participation of s-electrons in bond formation decreases the primary reason behind this is the inert pair effect.
In this the p-electrons take part in bond formation and more energy
Upvote Explain the following:
(A) CO2 is a gas whereas SiO2 is a solid.
(B) Silicon forms SiF62− ion whereas corresponding fluoro-compound of carbon is not known.
Explain the following:
(A) CO2 is a gas whereas SiO2 is a solid.
(B) Silicon forms SiF62− ion whereas corresponding fluoro-compound of carbon is not known.
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(A) Carbon has small size and large electronegativity, it forms strong n−pπ bonding with two oxygen atoms forming a separate CO2 molecule.
While in SiO2 silicon is larger in size with comparatively less electronegativity tha
Upvote Give reasons for the following:
(A) CCl4 is immiscible in water, whereas SiCl4 is easily hydrolysed.
(B) Carbon has a strong tendency for catenation compared to silicon.
Give reasons for the following:
(A) CCl4 is immiscible in water, whereas SiCl4 is easily hydrolysed.
(B) Carbon has a strong tendency for catenation compared to silicon.
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(A) sarbon in CCl4 does not have a vacant d-orbital to accommodate the electrons from OH of water molecules. Also CCl4 is nonpolar covalent compounds whereas H2O is polar. So, no strong interaction occurs between them. Hence CCl4
Upvote Explain why the following compounds behave as Lewis acids?
(i) BCl3
(ii) AlCl3
Explain why the following compounds behave as Lewis acids?
(i) BCl3
(ii) AlCl3
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Both BCl3 and AlCl3 are electron deficient compounds that are central atom boron and aluminium have incomplete Octet. In each compound, a metal atom is surrounded by six electrons of three covalent bonds with 3 chlorine atoms.
Each
Upvote Draw the structure of boric acid showing hydrogen bonding. Which species is present in water? What is the hybridisation of boron in this species?
Draw the structure of boric acid showing hydrogen bonding. Which species is present in water? What is the hybridisation of boron in this species?
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H3BO3
Boric acid forms a hexagon and rings through hydrogen bonding and has a layer-like structure.
Boric acid is present in water as [B (OH)4]−.H3BO3 electron from the OH of water and forms the complex BOH for negative for sp3 and
Upvote Explain the nature of boric acid as a Lewis acid in water
Explain the nature of boric acid as a Lewis acid in water
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H3BO3 or B (OH)3 is an electron deficient compound or Lewis acid which easily accepts electron from OH of water and releases its proton hence it is a Monobasic acid.
Reaction:
B (OH)3 + 2H2O → [B (OH)4]− + H3O+
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