CDS Question Paper 2025: Download Subject-wise Previous Year Question Papers PDFs

Combined Defence Services Exam 2025 ( CDS )

DeskCalelnderExam On - 14 Sep '25

Shikha Goyal
Updated on Jul 4, 2025 15:43 IST

By Shikha Goyal, Assistant Manager

CDS 2 Question Papers 2025: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) will conduct the CDS 2 2025 Exam on September 14, 2025. Candidates after the conduction of an exam will be able to check below CDS 2 2025 English, GK and Maths official question papers. Candidates will also be able to raise objections against CDS 2 question papers 2025 via the question paper representation portal. Solving CDS question papers will help aspirants to know the types of questions asked in the CDS exam, the difficulty level of questions, the CDS exam pattern weightage given to the topics, and important segments of the syllabus. UPSC CDS question papers/sample papers are the best resources for preparation. Besides solving the question. Candidates can download CDS question paper PDF from this page for different sets of test booklets- A, B, C, and D for English, GK, and Maths. 

The authority released the CDS 1 Question Paper 2025 officially. Candidates will be able to refer to the CDS 1& 2 question papers while checking the CDS Answer Key 2025. UPSC announced a total combined vacancy of approximate 457 (for IMA, INA, AFA, & OTA). The authority announced the CDS 1 2025 result on April 28, 2025. 

Also Read: CDS Preparation Tips

Q:   How do I download CDS Question papers 2025?
A: 

Candidates can check below the steps to download the CDS question papers for free.

  • Visit our website; Shiksha.com.
  • Create your profile by mentioning certain details.
  • Once a profile is generated, you will be able to download the question papers for free.
  • Download and save it.
Q:   Is CDS Question Paper 2025 released officially?
A: 

Yes, the examination authority will release the CDS Question Papers 2025 officially on the official website. The question papers will be released in the form of PDF. Candidates will be able to download the CDS question papers 2025 from this page also for free. The question papers will help candidates to check the difficulty level of the exam, questions asked, pattern changed or not, etc.

Q:   Is there any question repetition in the CDS exam?
A: 
Yes, sometimes questions do get repeated in the CDS exam. However, the UPSC does not directly repeat the question word for word; instead, the basic part gets repeated. For example, you can SEE questions on Article 32 in different years framed differently. From the analysis of the previous year's question paper, it can be concluded that important themes get revisited in CDS. This is the same for GK, math, and English papers. This is why experts and toppers always suggest analyzing the previous year's question paper. By analyzing previous year's question Sets you can not just make a list of such repetitive themes but also understand the patterns in which questions can be framed. Hence, you must start CDS preparation by solving PYQ.
Q:   How many question should I answer to get a good score in the CDS exam?
A: 
The candidates must solve more than 50 per cent questions to secure safe marks in order to qualify the CDS cut off. However, to qualify for the CDS exam, the candidates must secure more than 70 per cent marks to get selected for the CDS SSB interview surely. The candidates selected for the SSB interview will be assessed for their mental, physical, and medical ability. The candidates will be considered qualified for the SSB after qualifying the SSB interview. However, the marks of the interview can't be predicted as it completely depends upon the boards and interview panelists. The candidates must not that If they are NIT recommended by the board after the SSB interview they will not move forward for the next stage of the CDS selection to be come Commissioned Officers on the Indian Armed Forces.
Q:   What is QPReP in CDS exam?
A: 
QPReP stands for "Question Paper Representation and Practice Platform". It is an online platform developed by the UPSC for candidates appearing in various competitive exams, including the CDS exam. The QPReP platform provides candidates with the opportunity to practice and familiarize themselves with the exam format and pattern. It contains a pool of mock test papers that are designed to simulate the actual exam and cover all the topics and subjects included in the syllabus. The platform also provides instant feedback and performance analysis to help candidates identify their strengths and weaknesses and improve their preparation. The QPReP platform is available to all registered candidates for the CDS exam and can be accessed through the UPSC's official website. Candidates can log in to their account and choose the mock test papers they wish to attempt. The platform also allows candidates to customize the test papers according to their preferences, such as the number of questions, difficulty level, and time limit. Overall, QPReP is a useful tool for candidates appearing in the CDS exam to enhance their preparation and increase their chances of success.
Table of content
  • CDS 1 & 2 2025 English, GK & Maths Question Paper
  • CDS Previous Years Question Papers
  • Do CDS Questions Repeat?
  • What is CDS Previous Year Paper?
  • CDS Previous Year Question Paper
  • Importance of UPSC CDS Question Papers
  • How to Challenge CDS Question Papers 2025?
  • CDS Exam Pattern 2025
  • CDS Syllabus 2025
  • Was CDS 2 Paper 2024 Easy?
View More
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CDS 1 & 2 2025 English, GK & Maths Question Paper

Candidates will be able to check CDS 2 Question papers 2025 below once they are released. Candidates can also raise objection against the CDS 2 Question papers 2025.

CDS 1 2025 English, GK & Maths Official Question Papers

Candidates can check here the CDS 1 2025 English, GK and Maths official question paper pdf.

Paper Download PDF
CDS 1 English Paper 2025 PDF (Set A) Download Here
CDS 1 GK Paper 2025 PDF (Set A) Download Here
CDS 1 Maths Paper 2025 PDF (Set A) Download Here

CDS 2 2024 English, GK and Maths question paper

Candidates can check here the CDS 2 2024 English, GK and Maths question paper pdf officially.

Paper Download PDF
CDS 2 English Paper 2024 PDF (Set A) Download Here
CDS 2 GK Paper 2024 PDF (Set A) Download Here
CDS 2 Maths Paper 2024 PDF (Set A) Download Here

 

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   Who is eligible to take the CDS exam?
A: 

To be eligible for the CDS exam, candidates must meet the following eligibility criteria:

  1. Age Limit: Candidates must be at least 19 years old when applying for the CDS exam. The age limit for female candidates is generally the same as for male candidates, ranging from 19 to 25 years
  2. Educational Qualification: Candidates must hold a bachelor's degree from a UGC-recognized university. Final-year students who are expected to complete their degree before the commencement of the respective academy's training can also apply
  3. Nationality: Candidates must be a citizen of India, a subject of Nepal, a subject of Bhutan, or a Tibetan refugee permanently settled in India
  4. Physical Standards: Candidates must meet the specific physical fitness requirements, including height, weight, visual acuity, and overall physical health. The physical requirements for each of the three wings (OTA, INA, AFA) are detailed in the official CDS notification
  5. Marital Status: There are no specific restrictions based on marital status for most academies under CDS. Both unmarried and married candidates may be eligible, subject to meeting the other eligibility criteria
  6. Attempts: There is no restriction on the number of CDS exam attempts for candidates who have completed their graduation

It is essential to check the official CDS notification for any specific variations in eligibility criteria and to ensure that candidates meet all the requirements mentioned by the official body.

Q:   What is the syllabus for the CDS exam 2025, and where can I find it?
A: 

Below is the syllabus for CDS exam:

1. English Section:

  • Reading Comprehension
  • Spotting the Error
  • Fill in the blanks
  • Synonyms & Antonyms
  • Idioms and Phrases
  • Sentence Arrangement
  • Ordering of words in Sentence
  • Sentence Improvement/Correction

2. Mathematics Section:

  • Arithmetic (Number System, Time and Work, Profit and Loss)
  • Elementary Number Theory
  • Algebra (Basic operations, Remainder Theorem, Simultaneous Equations)
  • Trigonometry (Simple trigonometric identities, Heights and Distances)
  • Geometry (Lines, Angles, Circles, Polygons)
  • Mensuration (Areas, Volumes)
  • Statistics (Data Collection, Graphical Representation)

3. General Knowledge Section:

  • Indian History
  • Political Science
  • Economics
  • Geography
  • Environment
  • General Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
  • Current Affairs
  • Defence Related Questions

4. OTA (Officers' Training Academy) Syllabus:

  • General Knowledge
  • English
Q:   What are some effective ways to revise for the CDS exam?
A: 

Here are some effective ways to revise for the CDS exam: 

  • Make notes: Making notes is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. While preparing for the exam, make notes of important concepts, formulas, and key points. These notes will help you revise quickly and efficiently. 
  • Revise regularly: Regular revision is essential for retaining the information and concepts. Schedule regular revision sessions to go through your notes, study material, and sample papers.
  • Solve previous year question papers: Solving previous year question papers is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. It will help you understand the exam pattern, types of questions asked, and improve your time management skills.
  • Use flashcards: Flashcards are an effective way to revise important concepts and formulas. Write down the important concepts and formulas on flashcards and revise them regularly.
  • Practice mock tests: Mock tests are an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. They will help you evaluate your performance, identify your strengths and weaknesses, and improve your time management skills.
  • Discuss with peers and mentors: Discussing the concepts and solving problems with peers and mentors is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. It will help you clarify your doubts and get feedback on your performance.

Remember, revision is an ongoing process, and you should allocate enough time for it in your overall preparation strategy. Also, make sure to focus on understanding the concepts and not just memorizing them.

Q:   How can I prepare for the CDS exam in three months?
A: 

Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts the CDS exam evey six months. The candidates can prepare for the CDS exam in three month. However, the candidates need to focus and study rigorously in order to crack the CDS exam in three months. While preparing for the CDS exam in three months, the candidates need to take following things in consideration:

  • Basics of the exam: If a candidate has completed his/her graduation and twelfth standard with grip on the subjects then it is easy to cover the complete syllabus in time. However, if the candidate have to start from scratch then it will be very difficult to cover the syllabus of the CDS exam
  • Time Table: The candidate must stic a time table that can complete the syllabus in time as well as leave ample time for revisions and mock tests
  • Question Pattern: The candidtae must go through the question pattern and solve the previous years' question paper and search for repition in topics and question asked in the exam. 
  • Mock Test: Take maximum number of mock tests in exam condiction to get habit of sitting and taking the exam. It will help the candidate get relief from freefo in the CDS exam.

Download previous year CDS question papers and sample papers. Use them for practice and improve your speed and accuracy. You can download CDS previous year question papers and the preparation guides for free.

CDS Previous Years Question Papers

CDS 1 2024 Question Papers

CDS 1 Maths Question Paper 2024 (1)
CDS 1 GK Question Papers (1)
CDS 1 English Question Paper (2)

CDS 2 2023 Question Papers

CDS 2 ENGLISH Question Paper 2023
CDS 2 General Knowledge Question Paper 2023
CDS 2 2023 Maths Question Paper

CDS 1 2023 Question Papers

CDS-1-2023-GK-Question Paper
CDS 1 2023 Actual Question Papers English
CDS 1 Question Paper Set D (1)
CDS 1 Question Paper Set C (1)
CDS 1 Maths Question Paper Set B (1)
CDS 1 Maths Question Paper Set A (1)

CDS 2022 Question Papers

CDS 2022 English Actual Question Papers
CDS_1_2022_Maths_Actual_Question_Paper
CDS_1_2022__GK_Actual_Question_Paper

CDS 2021 Question Papers

CDS (1) 2021 Actual Question Paper for English
CDS (1) 2021 Actual Question Paper for Maths
CDS 2021 Actual Question Paper for GK
CDS_II_2021_Actual_Question_Paper_For_Elementary_Maths

CDS 2020 Question Papers

CDS II Question Paper 2020 for Elementary Maths
CDS II Question Paper 2020 for English
CDS II Question Paper 2020 for General Knowledge
CDS II Question Paper 2020 for General Knowledge

CDS 2019 Question Papers

CDS_1_2019_Actual_Question_Paper_For_English
CDS_1_2019_Actual_Question_Paper_For_Maths
CDS_2_2019_Actual_Question_Papers_For_Maths
CDS_1_2019_Actual_Question_Paper_For_GA 1
CDS_2_2019_Actual_Question_Paper_For_GA 1

CDS 2017 Question Papers

CDS 2017 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper Elementary Mathematics
CDS 2017 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2017 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper Elementary Mathematics
CDS 2017 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper General Knowledge
CDS 2017 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2017 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper General Knowledge

CDS 2018 Question Papers

CDS 2018 Paper I Actual Question Paper Elementary Mathematics
CDS 2018 Paper I Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2018 Paper I Actual Question Paper General Knowledge

CDS 2016 Question Papers

CDS 2016 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2016 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper Elementary Maths
CDS 2016 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper General Knowledge
CDS 2016 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper Elementary Mathematics
CDS 2016 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2016 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper General Knowledge

CDS 2015 Question Papers

CDS 2015 Paper 1 Actual Question Paper Elementary Mathematics
CDS 2015 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper English
CDS 2015 Paper 2 Actual Question Paper General Knowledge
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Do CDS Questions Repeat?

One can find a lot of questions repeated in the CDS exam, especially the static general section of the CDS exam. More than 50 per cent topics asked in the CDS exam are repetitive.

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   Is there a time limit for each subject in CDS exam?
A: 
Yes, there is a time limit for each subject in the CDS exam. The exam is conducted in three stages, namely a written exam, an interview, and a medical exam. The written exam comprises three papers: English General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics, and each paper has a specific time limit as mentioned below: a) English 2 hours b) General Knowledge: 2 hours c) Maths 2 hours The total time duration of the CDS exam is 6 hours. It is essential to manage time effectively during the exam to attempt all questions within the given time frame. Candidates should also keep in mind that there is a negative marking for incorrect answers and they should answer the questions carefully.
Q:   What is the language of question paper in CDS exam?
A: 
The language of CDS question paper is bilingual, i.e, English and Hindi. The question paper for the English subject is in the English Language, while the questions for General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics subjects are available in both English and Hindi languages. Candidates can choose the language in which they want to attempt the question paper while filling their application form. It is important to note that the question paper for each subject will be available in only one language, and candidates cannot switch between languages during the exam.
Q:   Is there negative marking scheme in CDS exam?
A: 
Yes, there is a negative marking scheme in the CDS exam. One-third of the marks assigned to a question are deducted for each incorrect answer. For example, if a question carries one mark and a candidate gives an incorrect answer, then 0.33 marks will be deducted from their total score. If a candidate leaves a question unanswered, there will be no negative marking for that question. It is important for candidates to be careful and avoid making wild guesses. They should attempt only those questions for which they are confident of the correct answer. This will help them avoid losing marks due to negative marking and improve their chances of qualifying for the interview round.
Q:   How can I prepare for CDS Maths and Current Affairs for CDS exam?
A: 
You can use the following approach to Current Affairs for the CDS WATCH TV- Spend a couple of hours watching TV every day. It offers information on every subject in an engaging manner that is simple to remember. Watch reputable news stations like CNN and BBC for the daily bulletin. It serves as the greatest and the simplest method to understand current events. NEWSPAPER READING The oldest and most popular method for increasing understanding of current issues is to read newspapers. Local, regional, national, and international news can all be found there. Get a subscription to a reputable newspaper, such as "The Hindu, " and make reading the newspaper a morning ritual. USE THE INTERNET SMARTLY: Use your time online more wisely by avoiding time-wasting websites like Facebook and Instagram. In terms of websites, there are several, however practically all of them require payment. As a result, I would prefer to advise you to use reputable YouTube channels, such as Study IQ instruction. Write because you tend to forget what you've read easily. Writing aids in memory retention and strengthens information in the brain. Therefore, put what you learn in writing and take brief notes that you can refer to later. For CDS Maths Prioritize the preparation of the crucial topics first while allocating time for the challenging ones. Determine how much time to spend on each sort of question by taking practice exams. Additionally, in order to have a sense of the kinds of questions that will be in the exam, candidates must complete prior year's question papers. Candidates must acquire time management shortcuts, suggestions, and techniques. Recall basic computations like squares and cubes. Make a list of formulas and shortened forms to keep on hand for last-minute revision. Due to the exam's negative marking policy, they should only mark an answer if they are certain about it. During the exam, avoid making educated guesses. Candidates should consult quality mathematics textbooks when preparing for the CDS.
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What is CDS Previous Year Paper?

CDS question paper for INA, IMA, AFA comprises three subjects-Elementary Maths, General Awareness, and English. The question paper for OTA comprises two subjects-General Awareness, English.
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Commonly asked questions
Q:   How can I prepare for CDS OTA exam 2025?
A: 

Hi Practicing CDS question papers help to find out previously asked topics and chapters in the CDS exam. Candidates can also find out their strong and weak areas with the help of question papers. After completion of all the syllabus, candidates must practice the online mock test for their preparations How to Start CDS Preparation Understand The Syllabus And Exam Format. Examine the exam syllabus and exam pattern if you want to pass the CDS exam. Practice Mock Exams And Previous Year Papers. Keep The Basics Clear. Concentrate On Important Issues. Start With Simpler Questions. Create A Proper Schedule. Some of the books recommended for CDS OTA are as follows: Objective General English S. P. Bakshi. Wren & Martin's High School English Grammar & Composition Wren and Martin's. Word Power Made Easy Norman Lewis. Geography, History, Economy NCERT (standard 6th-12th. General Knowledge Lucent book and News paper.

Q:   Do previous year's question papers help in the preparation of the CDS 2025 exam?
A: 

Yes, previous years' question papers play an important role in the preparation for the CDS 2025 exam. Scroll down for more information:

  • It helps in understanding the exam pattern and structure.
  • It helps to identify the recurrent topics.
  • It also boosts the speed and accuracy.
  • It improves problem-solving skills mainly in the mathematics section.
  • It also enhances general knowledge and English comprehension.
  • It helps to track the progress.
  • It helps to understand the level of difficulty of the exam.
  • Enhance retention for general knowledge.
  • Boost confidence, etc.
Q:   How many papers are there in the CDS 2025 exam?
A: 

In CDS, written exam comprises three papers namely English, General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics aiming for Indian Military Academy (IMA), Indian Naval Academy (INA) and Air Force Academy (AFA). There are two papers for candidates aiming for the Officers Training academy (OTA).
For IMA, INA, AFA: English, General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics
For OTA: English and General Knowledge

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CDS Previous Year Question Paper

When beginning with the preparation for Combined Defence Service Examination, it is important to go through CDS previous years' question papers to know the pattern of questions asked in the exam. Solving the CDS previous years question papers helps candidates to understand the types of questions asked in the exam, nature of questions, and difficulty level of questions.

Related Links: CDS 1 2025 Admit Card

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   Can girls apply for the CDS exam?
A: 
Yes, girls can apply for the CDS (Combined Defence Services) exam. The eligibility criteria for the CDS exam are the same for both male and female candidates. The following are the eligibility criteria for girls to apply for the CDS exam: Age Limit: Female candidates should be between 19 to 25 years of age as on 1st January or 1st July of the respective years (depending on the CDS exam they are applying for). Educational Qualifications: Female candidates should have a Bachelor's degree from a recognised university or institution. Physical Standards: Female candidates should meet the prescribed physical standards for admission to the respective defence services. It is important to note that the CDS exam is highly competitive, and candidates, including girls, need to prepare well and perform their best in all the stages of the selection process to increase their chances of selection for admission to the respective defense academies. Therefore, girls who are interested in joining the Indian Army, Navy, or Air Force can apply for the CDS exam if they meet the above-mentioned eligibility criteria and should prepare well to succeed in the exam.
Q:   Is there a time limit for each subject in CDS exam?
A: 
Yes, there is a time limit for each subject in the CDS exam. The exam is conducted in three stages, namely a written exam, an interview, and a medical exam. The written exam comprises three papers: English General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics, and each paper has a specific time limit as mentioned below: a) English 2 hours b) General Knowledge: 2 hours c) Maths 2 hours The total time duration of the CDS exam is 6 hours. It is essential to manage time effectively during the exam to attempt all questions within the given time frame. Candidates should also keep in mind that there is a negative marking for incorrect answers and they should answer the questions carefully.
Q:   What is the language of question paper in CDS exam?
A: 
The language of CDS question paper is bilingual, i.e, English and Hindi. The question paper for the English subject is in the English Language, while the questions for General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics subjects are available in both English and Hindi languages. Candidates can choose the language in which they want to attempt the question paper while filling their application form. It is important to note that the question paper for each subject will be available in only one language, and candidates cannot switch between languages during the exam.
Q:   What is the duration of each subject paper in CDS 2025 exam?
A: 

The duration of each subject paper in the CDS 2025 exam is mentioned below:

1. For Admission to Indian Military Academy, Indian Naval Academy, and Air Force Academy:

English: 2 hours duration
General Knowledge: 2 hours duration
Mathematics: 2 hours duration

2. For Officers' Training Academy (OTA)

English: 2 hours duration
General Knowledge: 2 hours duration

 

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Importance of UPSC CDS Question Papers

The benefits of solving CDS question papers are given below:

Familiarity with CDS Exam Pattern

The best way to crack the exam is to develop an understanding of CDS exam pattern. Referring to previous years' question papers helps candidates to do this by providing them with the necessary information about the CDS syllabus and topics covered in the exam. It also helps in determining the weightage of marks allotted to different topics. Accordingly, candidates can draft preparation strategies for the exam.

Understanding of Question Format

CDS question papers offer a detailed understanding of the type, nature, and format of questions asked in the exam. Besides, they also explain to candidates the level of difficulty of questions from a particular section.

Helps in Finding Important Topics

Going through CDS question papers, candidates are able to find out the important topics. There are certain topics that are asked every year in the exam. Candidates can prepare those topics for the exam in priority.

Helps in Practice

We all know Practice Makes Man Perfect. The more candidates solve CDS question papers, the more they will be familiar with the type and nature of questions being asked in the exam. It will help candidates to learn time management during exams. It also improves the speed and accuracy of candidates.

Assesses Performance

CDS question papers help candidates assess their preparation and track their progress. It also helps in identifying the weak and strong areas. Accordingly, candidates can beef up their preparation to improve the weak areas.

Q&A Icon
Commonly asked questions
Q:   What are the common mistakes to avoid during the CDS exam?
A: 
Here are some common mistakes to avoid during the CDS exam: 1. Not reading the instructions carefully: It is essential to read the instructions carefully before beginning the exam. Not doing so can lead to mistakes, such as marking the answers in the wrong format or not following the required instructions. 2. Not managing time effectively: Time management is crucial for success in the CDS exam. Not managing time effectively can lead to unfinished sections, incomplete answers, and poor overall performance. 3. Not attempting all sections: It is important to attempt all sections of the exam, as each section carries equal weightage. Avoid skipping any section, even if you are not confident in it. 4. Not revising the answers: Not revising the answers before submitting the exam can lead to careless mistakes. Make sure to review your answers and revise any mistakes before submitting the exam. 5. Not staying calm and composed: The CDS exam can be stressful, and it is important to stay calm and composed throughout the exam. Avoid getting nervous or anxious, and focus on your performance. 6. Not following a strategy: It is important to have a strategy for attempting the exam. Not having a strategy can lead to confusion, mistakes, and poor performance. 7. Guessing blindly: Guessing blindly can lead to negative marking and reduce your overall score. It is essential to make an educated guess based on your knowledge and eliminate the options that are clearly incorrect. Remember, avoiding these common mistakes can significantly improve your overall performance in the CDS exam. Make sure to read the instructions carefully, manage your time effectively, attempt all sections, revise your answers, stay calm and composed, follow a strategy, and make educated guesses to avoid any mistakes. Additionally, focus on understanding the concepts, revise regularly, and practice mock tests to improve your overall performance and increase your chances of success in the CDS exam.
Q:   How many sample paper I should solve to prepare effectively for the CDS exam?
A: 
The number of CDS exam sample papers a candidate should solve depends on their level of preparation, time available, and level of confidence for the exam. However, a good rule of thumb is to solve at least 10 to 15 sample papers before the actual exam. Candidates should start solving the previous year's question papers and then move on to the latest sample papers available. This will give the candidates a good understanding of the type of questions asked in the exam and help in identifying the areas need to be improved. It is important to solve sample papers in simulated exam environment, with a set time limit, and without any distractions. This will help the candidates in improving their time management skills and build confidence.
Q:   What are the benefits of solving CDS exam sample papers?
A: 
Solving CDS exam sample papers has several benefits that are mentioned below: Helps in understanding the exam pattern: CDS sample gives the candidates and idea about the exam pattern, marking schemes, and the type of question asked in the exam. This knowledge can be used in preparing for the CDS exam and improve their performance on the actual exam day Identifies the areas of strength and weakness: Solving CDS sample papers will help the candidates in identifying their areas of strength and weakness. This will allow the candidates to focus on the topics they need to work on and improve their overall performance Improves time management skills: CDS exam sample papers are timed, and solving them will the candidates in developing time management skills. Overall, solving CDS exam sample papers is an effective way to prepare for the CDS exam and improve the chances of getting selected.
Q:   What is the marking scheme for CDS 2025 exam?
A: 

In the CDS exam, for the IMA, INA, and AFA, the paper has three sections, each consisting of 100 questions. One mark is awarded for each correct answer, and for the wrong answer, one-third of the mark will be deducted.

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How to Challenge CDS Question Papers 2025?

Candidates have the facility to challenge CDS question papers released by UPSC. The process to challenge the question papers is given below:

  • Candidates can challenge the question papers through Online Question Paper Representation Portal (QPRep)
  • For each exam, the commission has fixed a time frame of seven days
  • To raise objections, candidates need to enter details like roll number, date of birth, and random image
  • After entering these details, candidates must submit their challenges

Direct Link: to be updated here

 

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   What type of questions are asked in the CDS exam (INA, AFA, and IMA)?
A: 

In the CDS exam (INA, AFA, and IMA), multiple-choice questions are asked in all the papers. The General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics papers will be available in both languages, Hindi and English.

Q:   How many questions are asked in the Maths section of CDS exam?
A: 
The CDS question paper for Mathematics carries a total of 100 questions. The section from which the questions are asked has been given below for the candidates: a) Profit and loss b) Elementary Number Theory: Division algorithm c) Prime and composite numbers: Tests of divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 11. d) Multiples and factors e) Factorisation Theorem, etc. The candidates must go through these Maths section to secure maximum marks as these section comprise maximum marks in the question paper in the Maths section.
Q:   What subjects are included in the General Knowledge section of the CDS exam?
A: 

In the CDS exam, the General Knowledge section consists of subjects including Current Affairs, History, Geography, Polity, Economics, Defence-related knowledge, Sociology, Science (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology), Environment, Sports, Culture, etc. It is advised to the candidates to analyse the CDS exam and solve previous year question papers. 

Q:   How many questions are asked in the English section of CDS exam?
A: 
Total number of questions asked in the English Language of CDS exam is 120. These questions are asked from different sections. These sections has been given below for the candidates: a) Basic Grammar b) Idioms & Phrases c) Synonyms and Antonyms d) Reading Comprehension Solving e) Substitution of Words f) Error Spotting g) Para Jumbles.
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CDS Exam Pattern 2025

CDS 1 exam 2025 will be conducted offline. The exam for the Indian Military Academy (IMA), Indian Naval Academy (INA), and Air Force Academy (AFA) comprises three sections. The test for these academies carries 300 marks. The exam pattern of the Officers’ Training Academy (OTA) has two sections. The total marks for the exam are 200. Candidates qualifying for the written exam are called for SSB Interview.

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   What is the exam pattern for CDS 2025 exam?
A: 

The CDS exam pattern has been divided into two categories- Indian Military Academy (IMA), Indian Naval Academy (INA) and Air Force Academy (AFA) and Officers Training Academy (OTA). The exam taken for the IMA, INA, AFA is taken for three subjects- General Awareness, Mathematics and English. On the other hand, the OTA exam is taken for two subjects- English . and General Awareness. The exam pattern for these categories have been given below for the candidates: For IMA, INA and AFA: a)Total Number of Subjects: English. Elementary Mathematics and General Knowledge b) Time Duration: Six hours (2 hours for each paper) c) Maximum Marks: 300 marks (100 marks for each paper) For OTA: a) Total Number of Subjects: English . and General Knowledge b) Time Duration: Four hours (2 hours for each paper) c) Maximum Marks: 200 Marks (100 marks for each paper). .

Q:   What are some effective ways to revise for the CDS exam?
A: 

Here are some effective ways to revise for the CDS exam: 

  • Make notes: Making notes is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. While preparing for the exam, make notes of important concepts, formulas, and key points. These notes will help you revise quickly and efficiently. 
  • Revise regularly: Regular revision is essential for retaining the information and concepts. Schedule regular revision sessions to go through your notes, study material, and sample papers.
  • Solve previous year question papers: Solving previous year question papers is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. It will help you understand the exam pattern, types of questions asked, and improve your time management skills.
  • Use flashcards: Flashcards are an effective way to revise important concepts and formulas. Write down the important concepts and formulas on flashcards and revise them regularly.
  • Practice mock tests: Mock tests are an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. They will help you evaluate your performance, identify your strengths and weaknesses, and improve your time management skills.
  • Discuss with peers and mentors: Discussing the concepts and solving problems with peers and mentors is an effective way to revise for the CDS exam. It will help you clarify your doubts and get feedback on your performance.

Remember, revision is an ongoing process, and you should allocate enough time for it in your overall preparation strategy. Also, make sure to focus on understanding the concepts and not just memorizing them.

Q:   How many questions are asked in CDS General Awareness section?
A: 
The CDS General Awareness section comprises 120 question for 100 marks. The candidates need to solve all the questions as all question are compulsory. If the candidates leaves the question no marks will be awarded for it, however, if the candidates answer it wrong then the penalty of 1/3 marks will given against the wrong answer. The General Awareness section comprises questions from the Current Affairs general Science, history, polity, geography, Maths etc. The candidates can prepare for the CDS General Awareness section by following the analysis of the CDS exam and solving the previous year's question papers. However, the candidates must pen down that the CDS exam follows a negative pattern and they must marks their answer correctly or they will get their marks deducted.
Q:   Are CDS sample papers similar to the CDS actual exam?
A: 
Yes, CDS sample papers are designed to simulate the actual CDS exam and are similar in terms of the exam pattern, marking scheme, and the type of questions asked. Solving CDS sample papers can give you a good idea about the structure of the exam, the difficulty level of the questions, and the time management skills required to complete the exam within the given time limit. However, it's important to note that the actual CDS exam can have variations in the difficulty level of the questions, the mix of topics, and the specific format of the questions. Therefore, while solving CDS sample papers can be a useful tool for exam preparation, it's also important to focus on understanding the concepts and revising regularly to improve your overall performance and increase your chances of success in the actual exam.
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CDS Syllabus 2025

To solve CDS's previous year's question paper, candidates need to be well aware of the CDS syllabus. We have provided below the syllabus for English, GK and Maths.

Subjects Topics

English

Antonyms, Sentence improvement, Comprehension, Synonyms, Spotting Errors, etc.

General Knowledge

Economics, Current Awareness, Defence, Biology, Physics, Chemistry, etc.

Elementary Maths

Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry, Geometry, Mensuration, and Statistics, etc.

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   What is the Syllabus for CDS Indian Polity?
A: 
Candidates should prepare Indian Constitution, President and Vice President, Governor, Prime Minister and Cabinet, Emergency provisions, Chief Minister, Chairman and State Council Ministers, Legislative Assembly, SC & HC, Tribunals, Auditor General, Finance Commission and Election Commission, Centre-State and Inter-State Relations, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Amendments, Preamble, Panchayati Raj and Municipalities.
Q:   What is the syllabus for CDS Geography?
A: 
Candidates in Geography should cover Agriculture, Air Drainage, Earth: Core and Surface, Environment, Forest and Wildlife Resources, Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes, Human Resources, Human Settlement, India: Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife, India: Physical Features (Size and Location), Industries, International Trade, Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources, Landforms of the Earth, Life on the Earth (Deserts, Ocean, Jungles, Mountain, Antarctic), Lifelines of National Economy, Maps, Minerals, and Energy Resources, Natural Hazards and Disasters, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife, Physiography, Population (Distribution, Density & Growth), Primary, secondary, Tertiary & Quaternary Activities, Resource and Development, Solar System, Topographic and Weather, Transport & Communication, Tropical, and the Subtropical Region, Water Resources.
Q:   How can I prepare for CDS Maths and Current Affairs for CDS exam?
A: 
You can use the following approach to Current Affairs for the CDS WATCH TV- Spend a couple of hours watching TV every day. It offers information on every subject in an engaging manner that is simple to remember. Watch reputable news stations like CNN and BBC for the daily bulletin. It serves as the greatest and the simplest method to understand current events. NEWSPAPER READING The oldest and most popular method for increasing understanding of current issues is to read newspapers. Local, regional, national, and international news can all be found there. Get a subscription to a reputable newspaper, such as "The Hindu, " and make reading the newspaper a morning ritual. USE THE INTERNET SMARTLY: Use your time online more wisely by avoiding time-wasting websites like Facebook and Instagram. In terms of websites, there are several, however practically all of them require payment. As a result, I would prefer to advise you to use reputable YouTube channels, such as Study IQ instruction. Write because you tend to forget what you've read easily. Writing aids in memory retention and strengthens information in the brain. Therefore, put what you learn in writing and take brief notes that you can refer to later. For CDS Maths Prioritize the preparation of the crucial topics first while allocating time for the challenging ones. Determine how much time to spend on each sort of question by taking practice exams. Additionally, in order to have a sense of the kinds of questions that will be in the exam, candidates must complete prior year's question papers. Candidates must acquire time management shortcuts, suggestions, and techniques. Recall basic computations like squares and cubes. Make a list of formulas and shortened forms to keep on hand for last-minute revision. Due to the exam's negative marking policy, they should only mark an answer if they are certain about it. During the exam, avoid making educated guesses. Candidates should consult quality mathematics textbooks when preparing for the CDS.
Q:   What is the syllabus for the CDS exam 2025, and where can I find it?
A: 

The authority released the CDS 2025 syllabus along with the notification. Candidates who are preparing for CDS exam 2025 must follow the syllabus to prepare for the exam. The CDS syllabus is divided into two categories-

a) INA (Indian Naval Academy), IMA (Indian Military Academy), and AFA (Air Force Academy)

b) OTA (Officers Training Academy)

The syllabus for the IMA, INA and AFA comprises three sections English, General Knowledge and Elementary Mathematics. Further, the syllabus for OTA comprises English and General Knowledge. OTA exam syllabus does not have a Maths section

To get the detailed syllabus for INA, IMA and AFA click on the refer to the link below: https://www.shiksha.com/exams/cds-exam-syllabus

View Syllabus
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Was CDS 2 Paper 2024 Easy?

The difficulty level of the CDS 2 English paper was easy but lengthy in terms of difficulty level. and for GK was moderate. Questions were asked from Current Affairs, SCience, history, geography, etc. as per the students. Also, Maths exam was moderate. 

 

 

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Commonly asked questions
Q:   What are the best books to prepare for CDS exam?
A: 
The candidates can prepare for the CDS exam by going through the enlisted books for CDS Best Books for CDS English Language Candidates can refer to the following books for the English Language section Objective General English by RS Aggarwal Word Power Made Easy by Norman Lewis High School English Grammar and Composition Books for General Knowledge and Current Affairs Candidates need to read the newspapers regularly in order to keep themselves updated with recent events. The books that candidates can refer to for this section are given below: Manorama Yearbook Lucents General Knowledge Competition in Focus (Half-Yearly and Yearly) CDS books for Elementary Mathematics Best Books for Elementary Mathematics The candidates can refer to the enlisted books for preparing for the CDS elementary mathematics: Mathematics for CDS by RS Aggarwal Quantitative Aptitude for Examinations paperback by RS Aggarwal.
Q:   How many question should I answer to get a good score in the CDS exam?
A: 
The candidates must solve more than 50 per cent questions to secure safe marks in order to qualify the CDS cut off. However, to qualify for the CDS exam, the candidates must secure more than 70 per cent marks to get selected for the CDS SSB interview surely. The candidates selected for the SSB interview will be assessed for their mental, physical, and medical ability. The candidates will be considered qualified for the SSB after qualifying the SSB interview. However, the marks of the interview can't be predicted as it completely depends upon the boards and interview panelists. The candidates must not that If they are NIT recommended by the board after the SSB interview they will not move forward for the next stage of the CDS selection to be come Commissioned Officers on the Indian Armed Forces.
Q:   How many questions are asked in the Maths section of CDS exam?
A: 
The CDS question paper for Mathematics carries a total of 100 questions. The section from which the questions are asked has been given below for the candidates: a) Profit and loss b) Elementary Number Theory: Division algorithm c) Prime and composite numbers: Tests of divisibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 11. d) Multiples and factors e) Factorisation Theorem, etc. The candidates must go through these Maths section to secure maximum marks as these section comprise maximum marks in the question paper in the Maths section.
Q:   How many questions are asked in the English section of CDS exam?
A: 
Total number of questions asked in the English Language of CDS exam is 120. These questions are asked from different sections. These sections has been given below for the candidates: a) Basic Grammar b) Idioms & Phrases c) Synonyms and Antonyms d) Reading Comprehension Solving e) Substitution of Words f) Error Spotting g) Para Jumbles.

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CDS Exam

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Answered a week ago

The CDS 2 2025 admit card will be released around one week before the exam date. It will be released on the official website. Eligible candidates will be able to download their e-admit card from the official website by using their login credentials. The UPSC CDS 2 2025 exam is scheduled to be conduc

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J

Jasleen Jain

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

No. The commission released the notification for the CDS 2 exam 2025 on May 28, 2025. Candidates can apply for the designated exam centres across India as mentioned in the notification. The list of exam centers has been mentioned in the notification. Exam centres are allotted on a first-apply-first

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K

Kritika Sharma

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

Yes, the UPSC will release the CDS admit card a few days before the exam. The admit card will consist of the exact address and name of the exam centre.

J

Jasleen Jain

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has launched a new Online Application Portal to streamline the registration process for all exams. The new portal is live at upsconline.nic.in and replaces the older One-Time Registration (OTR) module, which now will no longer be functional. As per the offi

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S

Shikha Shukla

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

Candidates can provide their preference in the application form for the CDS exam by choosing the IMA, INA, AFA, OTA.

M

Manisha Singh

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

Candidates required a lot of details while filling out the CDS 2025 application form. Candidates can check below the list of required documents:

  • Adhaar Card
  • Class 10th, 12th roll number
  • Academic certificates of Bachelor's and Master's degrees
  • Caste Certificate
  • Scanned copy of signature, photograph, and

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C

Chanchal Shekhar

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

Scroll down to know the steps to fill out the application form for the CDS exam:

  • Go to the official website for application
  • Log in to your registered account or register for the OTR (the steps to register for UPSC OTR have been given below in the article)
  • Click on the CDS exam link
  • Fill out the details

...Read more

S

Shikha Goyal

Contributor-Level 10

Answered a month ago

Candidates can check below the steps to make corrections in the CDS 2 application form:

  • Visit the official website 
  • Click on the link available for CDS 2 form correction 
  • Log in to the registered account using login credentials
  • Make corrections to the CDS 2 application correction
  • Save and print a copy of

...Read more

S

Satyendra Garg

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

The Commission will release the CDS 2 2025 notification on May 28, 2025 at upsconline.nic.in. The online application link is available from May 28 to June 20, 2025. Candidates can download notification via direct link provided below.

I

Ishita Kaur

Beginner-Level 5

Answered a month ago

To register for OTR, the candidates can check below the steps:

  • Go to the official website- upsconline.nic.in
  • Click on the new registration tab
  • Fill out the details- Name, Father's Name, Mother's Name, Mobile number, Email Id, etc. 
  • Enter the captcha 
  • Click on Submit 
  • OTP will be sent to your registered mo

...Read more

V

Virajita Shukla

Beginner-Level 5

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